Help

How to Use

  • Search roots: Type a triliteral root in the search box using dash-separated format (e.g. K-TH-B).
  • Search a word: You can also search for a word directly in any script or transliteration (e.g. כתב, katav, كتب). The search will find the associated root and show all its forms.
  • Results: When searching for a root or word, you'll see a list of all derived forms from that root, along with the books where they appear and the number of occurrences. Click any verse reference to see the full text.
  • Context verses: In the verse modal, use the navigation buttons to see up to 4 previous and following verses for context.
  • Browse roots: Click "Browse all roots" to navigate all 2,535 roots sorted by frequency.
  • Root Visualizer: Click the hub icon next to a root to see an interactive radial diagram with Hebrew and Arabic cognates. Nodes with a gold dashed border are semantic outliers — words whose meaning has drifted from the root's original semantic field. Click an outlier to explore its semantic bridge to another root family.
  • Read the Peshitta: Click "Peshitta Reader" to read chapter by chapter with interlinear text (Syriac, transliteration, translation).
  • Words with roots: In the reader, underlined words have an identified root. Hover to see the root, or click to see all forms and occurrences.

Settings

  • Transliteration (⚙️): Choose from 4 scripts for transliteration: Latin (ABC), Academic Syriac (ʾbg), Hebrew (אבג), Arabic (ابج). Your selection is saved automatically.
  • Translation (⚙️): Choose the language for verse translations: English, Español, עברית (Hebrew), العربية (Arabic).
  • Dark mode (☀️/🌙): Toggle between light and dark mode.
  • Interface language: Use the "English"/"Español" button to switch the UI language.

Capabilities

  • 2,535 triliteral roots identified from the Peshitta New Testament (Khabouris Codex)
  • 109,428 words analyzed across 7,440 verses, 22 books
  • 397 roots with Semitic cognates: 1,929 Hebrew words and 1,851 Arabic words (3,780 cognates total)
  • 651 semantic outliers identified using AI-powered semantic drift detection
  • Semantic bridges between root families — interactive visualization of cross-field meaning connections
  • Interactive D3.js radial visualizer with language filters, zoom, and drag
  • Translations in 4 languages (EN, ES, HE, AR) — Modern Hebrew and Arabic Smith & Van Dyke
  • Transliteration in 4 scripts with letter-by-letter correspondence
  • Interlinear chapter-by-chapter reader with clickable words
  • Automatic meaning glossary for the most frequent roots

Sources

  • Peshitta text: Syriac New Testament from the Khabouris Codex, digitized by Dukhrana Biblical Research. Contains 22 books in classical Syriac script (Estrangela).
  • English translation: Murdock translation of the Peshitta NT (public domain, 19th century).
  • Spanish translation: Reina-Valera 1909 (public domain).
  • Hebrew translation: Modern Hebrew (19th century), available through Bible SuperSearch (public domain).
  • Arabic translation: Smith & Van Dyke (1865), obtained from the getBible v2 API (public domain).
  • Semitic cognates: Custom compilation based on standard lexicons: Hebrew (BDB), Arabic (Hans Wehr), Akkadian (CAD), Aramaic, and Ethiopic. ~394 roots with cross-language correspondences.
  • Root extraction: Custom morphological analysis algorithm that identifies triliteral roots by stripping Syriac prefixes, suffixes, and conjugation patterns.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a triliteral root?
In Semitic languages, most words derive from a three-consonant root. For example, K-TH-B (ܟܬܒ) means "to write" and generates forms like ܟܬܒܐ (book), ܟܬܒ (he wrote), ܡܟܬܒܢܘܬܐ (scripture).
What is the Peshitta?
The Peshitta is the standard version of the Bible in Syriac (Aramaic). This site analyzes the New Testament text from the Khabouris Codex.
Why are some words not underlined in the reader?
Only words matching a known form of a triliteral root are marked. Particles, prepositions, and unidentified words are not underlined.
What are cognates?
Cognates are words in different Semitic languages that share the same ancestral root. For example, the root K-TH-B exists in Hebrew (כתב), Arabic (كتب), and Syriac (ܟܬܒ).
Can I copy text?
Yes, in the search page click the ⧉ button in the verse modal to copy the Syriac text with transliteration and translation.