Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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Search Syriac roots by their English meaning. Find the Aramaic semantic field of a concept.

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Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܐܝܕܝܐ	ʾydyʾ 'ydy'	[impf]know Aphel	Mark 14:46 Luke 20:19 Luke 21:12 Luke 21:25 Luke 22:53 John 7:30 John 7:44 Acts 4:3 Acts 5:18 Acts 7:48 Acts 12:1 Acts 17:24 Acts 21:27 2 Corinthians 5:1 Ephesians 2:11 Hebrews 13:5
ܒܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ	bʾydyhwn b'ydyhwn	in-[impf]know-their Aphel	Matthew 26:45 Mark 14:41 Luke 6:1 Acts 4:16 Acts 14:3 Acts 15:12 Acts 15:23 Acts 24:13 Acts 25:5 2 Timothy 2:2
ܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ	ʾydyhwn 'ydyhwn	their hands	Matthew 4:6 Matthew 15:2 Matthew 26:50 Mark 7:2 Mark 7:3 Mark 7:5 John 10:39 Acts 7:41 1 Timothy 2:8
ܒܐܝܕܝܐ	bʾydyʾ b'ydy'	in-[impf]know Aphel	Mark 14:58 Mark 14:58 Hebrews 9:11 Hebrews 9:24
ܒܐܝܕܝܟܘܢ	bʾydykwn b'ydykwn	in-[impf]know-your(pl) Aphel	Acts 5:39 1 Thessalonians 4:11 James 4:2
ܐܝܕܝܟܘܢ	ʾydykwn 'ydykwn	[impf]know-your(pl) Aphel	Hebrews 12:12 James 4:8
ܐܝܕܝܟ	ʾydyk 'ydyk	[impf]know-your Aphel	John 21:18 Hebrews 1:10
ܕܒܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ	dbʾydyhwn db'ydyhwn	that.in-[impf]know-their Aphel	1 Corinthians 3:5
ܘܐܝܕܝܗܘܢ	wʾydyhwn w'ydyhwn	and-[impf]know-their Aphel	Mark 16:18
ܒܐܝܕܝܟ	bʾydyk b'ydyk	in-[impf]know-your Aphel	Luke 23:46
ܕܐܝܕܝܟ	dʾydyk d'ydyk	of-[impf]know-your Aphel	Hebrews 2:7

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
יָדַע	yada'	to know
דַּעַת	da'at	knowledge
מַדָּע	madda'	science
יְדִיעָה	yediyyaʿ	knowledge, information
מַדּוּעַ	madduaʿ	why, for what reason
מֻדָּע	mudda'	scientific, knowledgeable

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
وَدَّ	wadda	to wish, to want
دَرَى	darā	to know
عَلِمَ	ʿalima	to know
عِلْمٌ	ʿilmun	knowledge, science
عَالِمٌ	ʿālimun	scholar, expert
مَعْرِفَةٌ	maʿrifatun	knowledge, information