ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܝܕܥ | ydʿ yde |
he knew | Matthew 6:8 Matthew 6:32 Matthew 9:4 Matthew 11:27 Matthew 11:27 Matthew 12:15 Matthew 12:25 Matthew 15:12 Matthew 16:8 Matthew 22:18 Matthew 24:36 Matthew 24:43 Matthew 24:50 Matthew 25:12 Matthew 25:24 Matthew 25:26 Matthew 26:10 Matthew 26:70 Matthew 26:72 Matthew 27:4 ... +190 |
| ܝܕܥܝܢ | ydʿyn ydeyn |
they know | Matthew 7:11 Matthew 12:7 Matthew 15:17 Matthew 16:3 Matthew 16:3 Matthew 20:22 Matthew 20:25 Matthew 22:29 Matthew 24:32 Matthew 24:42 Matthew 25:13 Matthew 26:2 Mark 4:13 Mark 7:18 Mark 8:17 Mark 9:32 Mark 10:38 Mark 10:42 Mark 12:14 Mark 12:24 ... +98 |
| ܝܕܥܝܢܢ | ydʿynn ydeynn |
know | Matthew 21:27 Matthew 22:16 Mark 11:33 Luke 20:7 Luke 20:21 John 3:2 John 9:20 John 9:21 John 9:24 John 9:29 John 14:5 John 16:18 Acts 28:22 Romans 3:19 Romans 6:6 Romans 6:9 Romans 7:14 Romans 8:22 Romans 8:26 Romans 8:28 ... +19 |
| ܝܕܥܬܐ | ydʿtʾ ydeth' |
know[fem] | Romans 15:14 1 Corinthians 1:5 1 Corinthians 8:1 1 Corinthians 8:7 1 Corinthians 8:10 1 Corinthians 13:2 Ephesians 4:18 Colossians 1:9 Hebrews 10:26 Psalms 73:11 Psalms 94:10 Psalms 139:6 Proverbs 1:4 Proverbs 1:7 Proverbs 1:22 Proverbs 1:29 Proverbs 2:6 Proverbs 4:1 Proverbs 8:10 Proverbs 10:14 ... +17 |
| ܝܕܥܘ | ydʿw ydew |
they knew | Matthew 21:45 Matthew 24:39 Mark 12:12 Luke 2:43 Luke 9:11 Luke 20:19 John 7:26 John 8:27 John 10:6 John 12:16 John 16:3 John 17:25 John 21:4 Acts 9:30 Acts 14:6 Acts 17:13 Acts 19:34 Romans 3:17 Romans 10:3 Galatians 2:9 ... +11 |
| ܕܝܕܥ | dydʿ dyde |
who knew | Matthew 22:35 Mark 6:20 Luke 2:44 Luke 11:17 Luke 12:47 John 8:14 John 10:15 John 13:3 John 18:4 John 18:16 Acts 15:8 Acts 24:22 Acts 26:3 Romans 2:18 1 Corinthians 2:11 1 Corinthians 8:2 Philippians 2:26 Philemon 1:9 James 4:17 1 John 4:6 ... +4 |
| ܕܝܕܥܝܢ | dydʿyn dydeyn |
of-know[pl] | Matthew 27:65 Mark 1:34 Luke 4:41 Luke 8:53 John 3:11 John 4:22 John 10:4 John 21:12 Acts 9:29 1 Corinthians 16:15 2 Corinthians 1:13 Ephesians 6:9 Philippians 1:16 1 Thessalonians 2:5 1 Thessalonians 2:11 1 Thessalonians 3:4 Titus 1:16 Hebrews 10:34 1 John 2:21 Psalms 31:12 ... +3 |
| ܝܕܥܬ | ydʿt ydeth |
know[perf] Peal | Luke 7:37 Luke 8:46 Luke 16:4 John 17:7 Acts 12:11 Psalms 18:44 Psalms 35:15 Psalms 41:12 Psalms 71:15 Psalms 101:4 Psalms 119:75 Psalms 119:152 Psalms 140:13 Proverbs 30:3 Proverbs 30:18 Isaiah 40:28 Isaiah 55:5 Isaiah 58:3 |
| ܢܕܥ | ndʿ nde |
he will know/let him know | Matthew 9:30 Mark 5:43 Mark 7:24 Mark 9:30 John 11:57 John 13:35 Acts 2:36 Acts 23:22 1 Corinthians 14:37 1 Corinthians 14:38 2 Corinthians 10:7 James 5:20 Isaiah 7:16 Isaiah 8:4 Isaiah 52:6 |
| ܘܝܕܥ | wydʿ wyde |
and he knew | John 4:53 John 5:6 John 5:32 John 10:14 John 12:50 Acts 2:30 2 Corinthians 12:3 2 Timothy 2:19 2 Timothy 3:11 Philemon 1:21 1 John 3:20 1 John 4:7 Psalms 37:18 |
| ܒܝܕܥܬܐ | bydʿtʾ bydeth' |
in-know[fem] | Romans 10:2 1 Corinthians 14:6 2 Corinthians 4:6 2 Corinthians 6:6 Philippians 1:9 Colossians 1:10 Colossians 3:10 1 Peter 1:14 1 Peter 3:7 Proverbs 11:9 Proverbs 13:16 Isaiah 53:11 |
| ܝܕܝܥܐ | ydyʿʾ ydye' |
know | Matthew 27:16 Mark 6:21 Acts 12:21 Acts 16:12 Acts 18:23 1 Corinthians 9:10 1 Corinthians 15:27 2 Corinthians 6:9 Hebrews 7:15 Hebrews 11:16 Psalms 20:7 Isaiah 12:5 |
| ܝ̇ܕܥ | ydʿ yde |
know Peal | Proverbs 29:19 Isaiah 29:12 Isaiah 29:12 Isaiah 29:15 Isaiah 37:28 Isaiah 44:8 Isaiah 48:4 Isaiah 48:8 Isaiah 48:8 Isaiah 59:8 Isaiah 66:18 Ezekiel 32:9 |
| ܕܝܕܥܬܐ | dydʿtʾ dydeth' |
of-know[fem] | Luke 11:52 Romans 2:20 1 Corinthians 12:8 1 Corinthians 15:34 Ephesians 3:19 1 Timothy 6:20 Proverbs 12:23 Proverbs 14:7 Proverbs 19:27 Proverbs 20:15 Proverbs 23:12 Proverbs 24:5 |
| ܝܕܥܐ | ydʿʾ yde' |
know | John 4:10 John 4:25 John 10:5 John 11:22 John 20:2 John 20:13 John 20:14 Acts 5:7 1 Corinthians 7:16 Psalms 139:14 Proverbs 9:13 |
| ܡܘܕܥ | mwdʿ mwde |
know | Matthew 26:73 John 18:32 Acts 21:26 1 Corinthians 12:3 1 Corinthians 15:1 Galatians 1:11 Ephesians 6:21 Psalms 9:17 Psalms 48:4 Proverbs 12:16 |
| ܘܝܕܥܬܐ | wydʿtʾ wydeth' |
and-know[fem] | 1 Corinthians 8:1 1 Corinthians 13:8 Titus 1:1 Proverbs 2:10 Proverbs 5:2 Proverbs 8:12 Proverbs 9:10 Proverbs 14:6 Proverbs 22:21 |
| ܐܬܝܕܥ | ʾtydʿ 'thyde |
[pass]know Ethpeel | Mark 6:14 Luke 24:35 Romans 16:25 1 Corinthians 8:3 Ephesians 3:3 Ephesians 3:5 1 John 4:9 Psalms 77:20 |
| ܝܕܥ̇ܝܢ | ydʿyn ydeyn |
know[pl] | Isaiah 42:16 Isaiah 42:16 Isaiah 44:9 Isaiah 55:5 Isaiah 56:10 Isaiah 56:11 Isaiah 56:11 Ezekiel 17:12 |
| ܐܬܝܕܥܬ | ʾtydʿt 'thydeth |
[pass]know[perf] Ethpeel | Acts 1:19 Acts 4:16 Acts 19:17 Romans 3:20 Romans 9:11 Romans 16:19 2 Timothy 3:9 |
| ܝܕܝܥܝܢ | ydyʿyn ydyeyn |
know | Luke 11:44 Acts 15:18 Galatians 5:19 1 Timothy 5:24 1 Timothy 5:25 Proverbs 5:6 Isaiah 59:12 |
| ܘܝܕܥܝܢ | wydʿyn wydeyn |
and-know[pl] | John 21:24 Acts 3:16 Acts 26:5 1 Timothy 4:3 1 John 3:5 1 John 3:15 |
| ܘܒܝܕܥܬܐ | wbydʿtʾ wbydeth' |
and.in-know[fem] | Acts 17:29 2 Corinthians 8:7 Ephesians 4:13 Philemon 1:6 Proverbs 24:4 |
| ܕܬܕܥ | dtdʿ dthde |
know | Luke 1:4 1 Timothy 3:15 James 2:20 Isaiah 45:3 |
| ܝܕܥܬܗ | ydʿth ydethh |
know-his | Acts 2:23 2 Corinthians 10:5 1 Peter 1:2 Proverbs 2:5 |
| ܕܝܕܥܬܗ | dydʿth dydethh |
of-know-his | 2 Corinthians 2:14 Philippians 3:8 Colossians 2:2 1 John 2:4 |
| ܝܕܝܥ | ydyʿ ydye |
know | Romans 11:2 1 Corinthians 9:26 Psalms 76:2 Proverbs 31:23 |
| ܘܝܕܥܬ | wydʿt wydeth |
and-know[perf] Peal | Psalms 31:8 Psalms 74:5 Psalms 119:15 Psalms 119:158 |
| ܝܕܥܗ | ydʿh ydeh |
know-his | John 1:10 John 14:17 1 Corinthians 2:8 1 John 3:6 |
| ܝܕܥܢ | ydʿn yden |
know-them | John 8:52 2 Corinthians 5:16 Galatians 1:22 Psalms 78:3 |
| ܕܝܕܥܬܘܢ | dydʿtwn dydethwn |
of-know-you(pl) Peal | Galatians 4:9 1 John 2:13 1 John 2:14 |
| ܬܕܥ | tdʿ thde |
know | Matthew 6:3 John 13:7 Ezekiel 38:14 |
| ܝܕܝܥܬܐ | ydyʿtʾ ydyeth' |
know | Acts 17:4 Acts 17:12 Acts 21:39 |
| ܘܝܕܥܢ | wydʿn wyden |
and-know-them | John 4:42 John 6:69 1 John 4:16 |
| ܠܝܕܥܬܐ | lydʿtʾ lydeth' |
to-know[fem] | Luke 1:17 1 Timothy 2:4 2 Timothy 3:7 |
| ܝܕܘܥܘܗܝ | ydwʿwhy ydwewhy |
know | Luke 23:49 Acts 24:23 |
| ܘܝܕܥ̇ܬ | wydʿt wydeth |
and-know[perf] Peal | Isaiah 50:7 Ezekiel 10:20 |
| ܝܕܥ̈ܝ | ydʿy ydey |
know-my | Psalms 9:11 Psalms 88:9 |
| ܕܝ̇ܕܥ | dydʿ dyde |
of-know | Isaiah 29:11 Isaiah 48:7 |
| ܐܝܕܥܬܐ | ʾydʿtʾ 'ydeth' |
[impf]know[fem] Aphel | Isaiah 5:13 Isaiah 28:9 |
| ܝܕܥ̇ | ydʿ yde |
know Peal | Ezekiel 11:5 Ezekiel 37:3 |
| ܘܐܬܝܕܥ | wʾtydʿ w'thyde |
and-[pass]know Ethpeel | Acts 7:13 Romans 1:4 |
| ܝܕܥܬܘܢ | ydʿtwn ydethwn |
know-you(pl) Peal | 1 John 2:29 Isaiah 40:21 |
| ܘܝܕܝܥܐ | wydyʿʾ wydye' |
know | 2 Corinthians 3:2 1 Timothy 6:7 |
| ܝܕܘ̈ܥܐ | ydwʿʾ ydwe' |
know | Isaiah 8:19 Isaiah 19:3 |
| ܘܕܝܕܥܬܐ | wdydʿtʾ wdydeth' |
and.of-know[fem] | Colossians 2:3 |
| ܕܐܬܝܕܥܬܘܢ | dʾtydʿtwn d'thydethwn |
of-[pass]know-you(pl) Ethpeel | Galatians 4:9 |
| ܐܝܕܥ | ʾydʿ 'yde |
[impf]know Aphel | Isaiah 1:3 |
| ܘܐܝܕܥܬܐ | wʾydʿtʾ w'ydeth' |
and-[impf]know[fem] Aphel | Isaiah 33:6 |
| ܘܡܬܝܕܥ | wmtydʿ wmthyde |
and.from-[impf]know | John 10:14 |
| ܕܐܬܝܕܥܬ | dʾtydʿt d'thydeth |
of-[pass]know[perf] Ethpeel | 1 Corinthians 13:12 |
| ܐܝܕܥܘ | ʾydʿw 'ydew |
[impf]know[3pl] Aphel | Isaiah 59:8 |
| ܝܕܥ̈ܢ | ydʿn yden |
know-them | Proverbs 10:32 |
| ܘܝܕܥ̈ܝ | wydʿy wydey |
and-know-my | Psalms 88:19 |
| ܘܝܕܥܘ | wydʿw wydew |
and they knew | John 17:8 |
| ܘܝ̇ܕܥ | wydʿ wyde |
and-know | Isaiah 53:3 |
| ܕܐܝܕܥܬܐ | dʾydʿtʾ d'ydeth' |
of-[impf]know[fem] Aphel | Isaiah 11:2 |
| ܐܝܕܥܬܗ | ʾydʿth 'ydethh |
[impf]know-his Aphel | Isaiah 11:9 |
| ܕܝܕܝܥܘܬܗ | dydyʿwth dydyewthh |
know | Romans 1:19 |
| ܝܕܥܘܗܝ | ydʿwhy ydewhy |
know-her | Matthew 17:12 |
| ܐܝܕܥܬ | ʾydʿt 'ydeth |
[impf]know[perf] Aphel | Isaiah 48:6 |
| ܘܡܬܝܕܥܐ | wmtydʿʾ wmthyde' |
and.from-[impf]know | Acts 21:24 |
| ܝ̇ܕ̈ܥܝ | ydʿy ydey |
know-my | Isaiah 51:7 |
| ܘܒܝܕܥܬܗ | wbydʿth wbydethh |
and.in-know-his | Proverbs 3:20 |
| ܘܝܕܝܥܝܢ | wydyʿyn wydyeyn |
know | Romans 16:7 |
| ܠܝܕܥܝ | lydʿy lydey |
to-know-my | Romans 7:1 |
| ܘܐܬܝܕܥܬ | wʾtydʿt w'thydeth |
and-[pass]know[perf] Ethpeel | Acts 9:42 |
| ܕܝܕܥ̇ܝܢ | dydʿyn dydeyn |
of-know[pl] | Ezekiel 28:19 |
| ܒܝܕܥܬܗ | bydʿth bydethh |
in-know-his | Ephesians 1:17 |
| ܝܕܥܟ | ydʿk ydek |
know-your | John 17:25 |
| ܕܝܕܥܬ | dydʿt dydeth |
of-know[perf] Peal | Mark 5:33 |
| ܕܝܕܥܘ | dydʿw dydew |
of-know[3pl] Peal | Romans 1:21 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| יָדַע | yada | to know |
| דַּעַת | da'at | knowledge |
| ידען | yadaʻ | expert, wise |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| وَدَعَ | wada'a | to leave/deposit |
| عِلْم | ʻilm | knowledge, science |
| عَالِم | ʻālim | wise, scholar |
| مَعْرِفَة | maʻrifah | knowledge, wisdom |