Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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demand, require

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܡܬܒܥܐ	mtbʿʾ mthbe'	[ptcp]demand, require	Matthew 6:8 Matthew 14:16 Mark 11:3 Luke 5:31 Luke 19:31 Luke 19:34 1 Corinthians 4:2 1 Corinthians 12:24 Hebrews 7:11 Hebrews 10:18
ܡܬܒܥܝܢ	mtbʿyn mthbeyn	[ptcp]demand, require[pl]	Matthew 6:32 Matthew 21:3 Matthew 26:65 Mark 14:63 Luke 22:71 1 Corinthians 12:21 Ephesians 5:4
ܬܒܥܬܐ	tbʿtʾ thbeth'	demand, require[fem]	Luke 18:7 2 Corinthians 10:6 2 Thessalonians 1:8 Hebrews 10:30
ܬܒܥܝܢ	tbʿyn thbeyn	demand, require[pl]	Luke 12:20 Romans 12:19
ܕܡܬܬܒܥ	dmttbʿ dmththbe	that.from-[impf]demand, require	Luke 11:51
ܘܬܒܥ	wtbʿ wthbe	and-demand, require	Matthew 25:27
ܠܡܬܒܥ	lmtbʿ lmthbe	so.that-demand, require	Luke 3:13
ܬܒܥ	tbʿ thbe	demand, require Peal	Luke 19:23
ܘܬܒܥܗ	wtbʿh wthbeh	and-demand, require-his	Acts 7:24
ܘܬܒܥܬܐ	wtbʿtʾ wthbeth'	and-demand, require[fem]	2 Corinthians 7:11
ܬܬܒܥ	ttbʿ ththbe	[impf]demand, require	Luke 6:30
ܠܬܒܥܬܐ	ltbʿtʾ lthbeth'	to-demand, require[fem]	1 Peter 2:14
ܕܬܒܥܬܐ	dtbʿtʾ dthbeth'	of-demand, require[fem]	Luke 21:22
ܕܡܬܒܥܝܢ	dmtbʿyn dmthbeyn	that.from-demand, require[pl]	Luke 12:30
ܕܬܒܥ	dtbʿ dthbe	of-demand, require	1 Peter 3:15

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
תָּבַע	tava'	to demand, to claim
תְּבִיעָה	tevi'ah	demand, claim
תֹּבֶה	tóve	demanding, requiring
תְּבִיעָה	tevi'á	demand, claim

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
تَبِعَ	tabi'a	to follow
تَابِع	tābi'	follower
طَلَبَ	ṭálaba	to demand, to request
مَطْلُوب	maṭlúb	requested, required