ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܩܕܝܫܐ | qdyšʾ qdysh' |
holy/saint | Matthew 16:27 Matthew 25:31 Mark 8:38 Luke 1:35 Luke 1:70 Luke 2:23 Luke 9:26 John 17:11 Acts 3:21 Acts 4:27 Acts 4:30 Acts 6:13 Acts 7:33 Acts 9:32 Acts 10:22 Acts 20:32 Acts 21:28 Acts 26:18 Romans 1:2 Romans 6:22 ... +84 |
| ܕܩܘܕܫܐ | dqwdšʾ dqwdsh' |
of holiness | Matthew 1:18 Matthew 1:20 Matthew 3:11 Matthew 4:1 Matthew 12:32 Matthew 28:19 Mark 1:8 Mark 3:29 Mark 12:36 Mark 13:11 Luke 1:15 Luke 1:35 Luke 1:41 Luke 1:67 Luke 2:25 Luke 2:26 Luke 3:16 Luke 3:22 Luke 4:1 Luke 10:21 ... +79 |
| ܩܘܕܫܐ | qwdšʾ qwdsh' |
holiness | Matthew 4:5 Matthew 7:6 1 Corinthians 9:13 1 Corinthians 9:13 Hebrews 8:2 Hebrews 9:1 Hebrews 9:2 Hebrews 9:3 Hebrews 10:19 Psalms 110:3 Isaiah 23:18 Isaiah 43:28 Ezekiel 22:26 Ezekiel 41:21 Ezekiel 42:14 Ezekiel 42:20 Ezekiel 44:23 |
| ܕܩܕܝܫܐ | dqdyšʾ dqdysh' |
be holy | Matthew 27:52 Romans 12:13 1 Corinthians 6:2 1 Corinthians 14:33 1 Corinthians 16:15 2 Corinthians 8:4 2 Corinthians 9:1 2 Corinthians 9:12 Ephesians 2:19 Ephesians 4:12 Colossians 1:12 1 Timothy 5:10 Philemon 1:7 Hebrews 9:8 Isaiah 5:19 Isaiah 5:24 |
| ܕܩܘܕܫܝ | dqwdšy dqwdshy |
be holy | Psalms 2:6 Psalms 89:21 Isaiah 11:9 Isaiah 58:13 Isaiah 66:20 Ezekiel 20:39 Ezekiel 20:40 Ezekiel 36:20 Ezekiel 36:21 Ezekiel 36:22 Ezekiel 39:7 Ezekiel 39:7 Ezekiel 39:25 Ezekiel 43:7 Ezekiel 43:8 |
| ܕܩܘܕܫܗ | dqwdšh dqwdshh |
be holy | Psalms 11:4 Psalms 20:7 Psalms 29:2 Psalms 30:5 Psalms 78:54 Psalms 96:9 Psalms 97:12 Psalms 102:20 Psalms 105:3 Psalms 105:42 Psalms 145:21 Isaiah 63:10 Isaiah 63:11 Ezekiel 28:14 Ezekiel 48:14 |
| ܩܕܝܫ | qdyš qdysh |
holy | Romans 7:12 Romans 7:12 Romans 11:16 1 Corinthians 3:17 1 Peter 1:16 Psalms 22:4 Psalms 46:5 Psalms 99:5 Psalms 111:9 Isaiah 6:3 Isaiah 6:3 Isaiah 6:3 Ezekiel 47:19 Ezekiel 48:28 |
| ܩܕܝܫܬܐ | qdyštʾ qdyshth' |
be holy | Matthew 24:15 Matthew 27:53 Luke 1:72 Romans 16:16 1 Corinthians 16:20 2 Corinthians 13:12 Ephesians 4:30 1 Thessalonians 4:8 1 Thessalonians 5:26 1 Peter 3:5 1 Peter 5:14 Isaiah 35:8 Isaiah 52:1 |
| ܠܩܕܝܫܐ | lqdyšʾ lqdysh' |
be holy | Acts 9:41 Romans 15:25 Romans 15:31 Romans 16:2 1 Corinthians 16:1 Ephesians 5:3 Hebrews 6:10 Isaiah 1:4 Isaiah 17:7 Isaiah 29:23 Isaiah 30:11 |
| ܩܕܘܫ | qdwš qdwsh |
be holy | Romans 1:4 Hebrews 9:3 Ezekiel 41:4 Ezekiel 42:13 Ezekiel 42:13 Ezekiel 43:12 Ezekiel 44:13 Ezekiel 45:3 Ezekiel 48:12 |
| ܡܩܕܫܝ | mqdšy mqdshy |
[ptcp]be holy-my | Ezekiel 5:11 Ezekiel 8:6 Ezekiel 9:6 Ezekiel 23:38 Ezekiel 24:21 Ezekiel 25:3 Ezekiel 37:26 Ezekiel 37:28 |
| ܡܩܕܫܐ | mqdšʾ mqdsh' |
[ptcp]be holy | Romans 2:22 Hebrews 9:12 Hebrews 9:24 Hebrews 9:25 Hebrews 13:11 Ezekiel 43:21 Ezekiel 47:12 Ezekiel 48:8 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫܐ | wqdyšʾ wqdysh' |
be holy | Mark 6:20 Acts 26:10 Romans 1:7 1 Corinthians 1:2 Psalms 89:19 Isaiah 41:20 Isaiah 60:9 |
| ܠܡܩܕܫܐ | lmqdšʾ lmqdsh' |
so.that-be holy | Isaiah 8:14 Isaiah 16:12 Ezekiel 11:16 Ezekiel 44:27 Ezekiel 45:2 Ezekiel 45:18 |
| ܒܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | bqdyšwtʾ bqdyshwth' |
be holy | 1 Thessalonians 3:13 1 Thessalonians 4:4 2 Thessalonians 2:13 1 Peter 1:2 |
| ܘܐܬܩܕܫ̇ܬ | wʾtqdšt w'thqdshth |
and-[pass]be holy[perf] Ethpeel | Ezekiel 20:41 Ezekiel 28:22 Ezekiel 28:25 Ezekiel 39:27 |
| ܡܩܕܫܟ | mqdšk mqdshk |
[ptcp]be holy-your | Psalms 68:36 Psalms 74:7 Isaiah 63:18 Ezekiel 28:18 |
| ܕܡܩܕܫ | dmqdš dmqdsh |
that.from-be holy | Matthew 23:19 Isaiah 65:5 Ezekiel 20:12 Ezekiel 37:28 |
| ܩ̈ܘܕܫܐ | qwdšʾ qwdsh' |
be holy | Ezekiel 42:13 Ezekiel 42:13 Ezekiel 43:12 Ezekiel 44:13 |
| ܕܩܘܕܫܟ | dqwdšk dqwdshk |
be holy | Psalms 5:8 Psalms 138:2 Isaiah 63:18 Isaiah 64:9 |
| ܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | qdyšwtʾ qdyshwth' |
be holy | Acts 24:25 2 Corinthians 7:1 Hebrews 12:14 Psalms 93:5 |
| ܒܩܘܕܫܗ | bqwdšh bqwdshh |
be holy | Psalms 60:8 Psalms 68:18 Psalms 108:8 Psalms 150:1 |
| ܠܡܩܕܫܝ | lmqdšy lmqdshy |
so.that-be holy-my | Isaiah 13:3 Ezekiel 23:39 Ezekiel 44:9 Ezekiel 44:16 |
| ܕܡܩܕܫܝ | dmqdšy dmqdshy |
that.from-be holy-my | Isaiah 60:13 Ezekiel 44:8 Ezekiel 44:8 Ezekiel 44:15 |
| ܕܡܩܕܫܐ | dmqdšʾ dmqdsh' |
that.from-be holy | Ezekiel 44:1 Ezekiel 44:5 Ezekiel 45:6 |
| ܕܩܕܝܫ̈ܐ | dqdyšʾ dqdysh' |
be holy | Psalms 89:6 Psalms 89:8 Proverbs 30:3 |
| ܩܕܝܫܝܢ | qdyšyn qdyshyn |
be holy | Colossians 1:22 1 Peter 1:15 1 Peter 1:16 |
| ܕܡܬܩܕܫܝܢ | dmtqdšyn dmthqdshyn |
that.from-[impf]be holy[pl] | Hebrews 10:14 Isaiah 66:17 Ezekiel 48:11 |
| ܡܩܕܫ | mqdš mqdsh |
[ptcp]be holy | Matthew 23:17 John 17:19 1 Corinthians 7:14 |
| ܕܩܕܝܫ | dqdyš dqdysh |
be holy | 1 Peter 1:15 Psalms 99:3 Psalms 99:9 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫ | wqdyš wqdysh |
be holy | Luke 1:49 Isaiah 57:15 Isaiah 57:15 |
| ܩܕܫܘ | qdšw qdshw |
be holy[3pl] Peal | James 4:8 1 Peter 3:15 Isaiah 8:13 |
| ܩܕܝܫܗ | qdyšh qdyshh |
be holy | Mark 1:24 Luke 4:34 Psalms 106:16 |
| ܡܩܕܫܗ | mqdšh mqdshh |
[ptcp]be holy-his | Psalms 20:3 Psalms 78:69 Ezekiel 48:10 |
| ܒܩܕܝܫܐ | bqdyšʾ bqdysh' |
be holy | Acts 3:14 Ephesians 1:18 Isaiah 29:19 |
| ܘܩܕܫܘ | wqdšw wqdshw |
and-be holy[3pl] Peal | Ezekiel 20:20 Ezekiel 45:1 |
| ܘܡܩܕܫ | wmqdš wmqdsh |
and.from-be holy | Romans 15:16 Hebrews 9:13 |
| ܘܕܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | wdqdyšwtʾ wdqdyshwth' |
be holy | Romans 6:19 1 Corinthians 5:8 |
| ܕܩܕܫ | dqdš dqdsh |
of-be holy | Hebrews 2:11 Psalms 29:8 |
| ܘܡܩܕܫܐ | wmqdšʾ wmqdsh' |
and.from-be holy | 1 Corinthians 7:14 Ezekiel 45:4 |
| ܩܘܕܫܝ | qwdšy qwdshy |
be holy | Psalms 132:18 Ezekiel 22:26 |
| ܡܩܕܫܝܢ | mqdšyn mqdshyn |
[ptcp]be holy[pl] | John 17:19 1 Corinthians 1:2 |
| ܠܩܘܕܫܐ | lqwdšʾ lqwdsh' |
be holy | Psalms 134:2 Proverbs 20:25 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫܬܐ | wqdyštʾ wqdyshth' |
be holy | Romans 12:1 James 1:27 |
| ܕܐܬܩܕܫ̇ܬ | dʾtqdšt d'thqdshth |
of-[pass]be holy[perf] Ethpeel | Ezekiel 36:23 Ezekiel 38:16 |
| ܩܕܝܫ̈ܬܐ | qdyštʾ qdyshth' |
be holy | Isaiah 62:9 Ezekiel 36:38 |
| ܩܘ̈ܕܫܐ | qwdšʾ qwdsh' |
be holy | Ezekiel 41:4 Ezekiel 48:12 |
| ܒܡܩܕܫܗ | bmqdšh bmqdshh |
in-[ptcp]be holy-his | Psalms 96:6 Ezekiel 45:4 |
| ܒܡܩܕܫܝ | bmqdšy bmqdshy |
in-[ptcp]be holy-my | Ezekiel 44:7 Ezekiel 44:11 |
| ܩܕܫܐ | qdšʾ qdsh' |
be holy | Proverbs 11:22 Proverbs 25:12 |
| ܩܕܝܫܘܗܝ | qdyšwhy qdyshwhy |
be holy | 1 Thessalonians 3:13 |
| ܩܕܝܫ̈ܘܗܝ | qdyšwhy qdyshwhy |
be holy | Isaiah 24:23 |
| ܕܐܬܩܕܫ | dʾtqdš d'thqdsh |
of-[pass]be holy Ethpeel | Isaiah 30:29 |
| ܘܩܕܫ̈ܐ | wqdšʾ wqdsh' |
and-be holy | Ezekiel 16:12 |
| ܘܐܬܩܕܫܬܘܢ | wʾtqdštwn w'thqdshthwn |
and-[pass]be holy-you(pl) Ethpeel | 1 Corinthians 6:11 |
| ܘܒܩܕܝܫܐ | wbqdyšʾ wbqdysh' |
be holy | Isaiah 41:16 |
| ܩܕܫܗ | qdšh qdshh |
be holy-his | John 10:36 |
| ܘܩܘܕܫܐ | wqwdšʾ wqwdsh' |
be holy | Ezekiel 45:4 |
| ܘܠܩܕܝܫܐ | wlqdyšʾ wlqdysh' |
be holy | Psalms 78:41 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫ̈ܘܗܝ | wqdyšwhy wqdyshwhy |
be holy | Isaiah 10:17 |
| ܠܡܩܕܫܗ | lmqdšh lmqdshh |
so.that-be holy-his | Psalms 73:17 |
| ܠܩܕܝܫܘܗܝ | lqdyšwhy lqdyshwhy |
be holy | Colossians 1:26 |
| ܡܩܕܫܗܘܢ | mqdšhwn mqdshhwn |
[ptcp]be holy-their | Ezekiel 7:24 |
| ܠܡܩ̈ܕܫܐ | lmqdšʾ lmqdsh' |
so.that-be holy | Ezekiel 45:4 |
| ܩܘܕܫܢ | qwdšn qwdshn |
be holy | Isaiah 64:10 |
| ܢܩܕܫܟܘܢ | nqdškwn nqdshkwn |
[impf]be holy-your(pl) | 1 Thessalonians 5:23 |
| ܐܬܩܕܫ | ʾtqdš 'thqdsh |
[pass]be holy Ethpeel | Hebrews 10:29 |
| ܒܩܘܕܫܐ | bqwdšʾ bqwdsh' |
be holy | Ezekiel 44:27 |
| ܩܕܝܫܘܬܗ | qdyšwth qdyshwthh |
be holy | Psalms 65:5 |
| ܩܕܝܫܢ | qdyšn qdyshn |
be holy | 1 Peter 1:22 |
| ܠܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | lqdyšwtʾ lqdyshwth' |
be holy | 1 Thessalonians 4:7 |
| ܩܘܕܫܗ | qwdšh qwdshh |
be holy | Psalms 114:2 |
| ܒܡܩܕܫܗܘܢ | bmqdšhwn bmqdshhwn |
in-[ptcp]be holy-their | Ezekiel 21:7 |
| ܘܩܘ̈ܕܫܝ | wqwdšy wqwdshy |
be holy | Ezekiel 22:8 |
| ܘܩܘܕܫܗ | wqwdšh wqwdshh |
be holy | Isaiah 58:13 |
| ܠܩܕܝ̈ܫܐ | lqdyšʾ lqdysh' |
be holy | Psalms 16:3 |
| ܘܡܩܕܫܗ | wmqdšh wmqdshh |
and.from-be holy-his | Ezekiel 48:21 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫܢ | wqdyšn wqdyshn |
be holy | Titus 2:5 |
| ܕܐܬܩܕܫܘ | dʾtqdšw d'thqdshw |
of-[pass]be holy[3pl] Ethpeel | Hebrews 2:11 |
| ܕܐܩܕܫ | dʾqdš d'qdsh |
of-[impf]be holy Aphel | Ezekiel 36:23 |
| ܘܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | wqdyšwtʾ wqdyshwth' |
be holy | 1 Corinthians 1:30 |
| ܒܩܕܝܫܘܗܝ | bqdyšwhy bqdyshwhy |
be holy | 2 Thessalonians 1:10 |
| ܕܢܩܕܫ | dnqdš dnqdsh |
of-[impf]be holy | Hebrews 13:12 |
| ܐܬܩܕܫܢ | ʾtqdšn 'thqdshn |
[pass]be holy-them Ethpeel | Hebrews 10:10 |
| ܩܕܝܫ̈ܝܢ | qdyšyn qdyshyn |
be holy | Ezekiel 45:1 |
| ܩܘܕܫ̈ܐ | qwdšʾ qwdsh' |
be holy | Ezekiel 45:3 |
| ܩܕܫ | qdš qdsh |
he sanctified | John 17:17 |
| ܩܕܝܫܟܘܢ | qdyškwn qdyshkwn |
be holy | Isaiah 43:15 |
| ܠܩܘܕܫܟ | lqwdšk lqwdshk |
be holy | Psalms 74:3 |
| ܘܐܬܩܕܫ | wʾtqdš w'thqdsh |
and-[pass]be holy Ethpeel | Ezekiel 38:23 |
| ܩ̈ܘܕܫܝ | qwdšy qwdshy |
be holy | Ezekiel 44:13 |
| ܠܩܕܝܫܘܬܗ | lqdyšwth lqdyshwthh |
be holy | Hebrews 12:10 |
| ܘܒܩܕܝܫܘܬܐ | wbqdyšwtʾ wbqdyshwth' |
be holy | 1 Timothy 2:15 |
| ܒܩܘܕܫܝ | bqwdšy bqwdshy |
be holy | Psalms 89:36 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| קֹדֶשׁ | qodesh | holiness |
| קָדוֹשׁ | qadosh | holy |
| מִקְדָּשׁ | miqdash | sanctuary |
| קִדֵּשׁ | qidesh | to sanctify |
| קָדַשׁ | qadásh | to sanctify |
| קִדּוּשׁ | qidúsh | consecration, sanctification |
| קֹדֶשׁ | qódhesh | holiness |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| قُدْس | quds | holiness/Jerusalem |
| مُقَدَّس | muqaddas | holy/sacred |
| قَدَّسَ | qaddasa | to sanctify |
| قُدْس | quds | holiness |
| تَقْدِيس | taqdís | sanctification |
| قَدِّيس | qaddís | saint |