ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܡܠܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
king | Matthew 1:6 Matthew 2:1 Matthew 2:2 Matthew 2:3 Matthew 2:6 Matthew 2:9 Matthew 2:19 Matthew 2:22 Matthew 11:8 Matthew 18:23 Matthew 22:2 Matthew 22:7 Matthew 22:11 Matthew 22:13 Matthew 22:15 Matthew 25:34 Matthew 25:40 Matthew 27:1 Matthew 27:7 Matthew 27:11 ... +150 |
| ܡܠܐܟܐ | mlʾkʾ ml'k' |
angel | Matthew 1:20 Matthew 2:13 Matthew 2:19 Matthew 4:11 Matthew 13:39 Matthew 13:49 Matthew 22:30 Matthew 24:36 Matthew 28:2 Matthew 28:5 Mark 1:13 Mark 12:25 Mark 13:32 Luke 1:11 Luke 1:13 Luke 1:19 Luke 1:26 Luke 1:28 Luke 1:30 Luke 1:35 ... +47 |
| ܡܠܟܘܬܐ | mlkwtʾ mlkwth' |
kingdom | Matthew 3:2 Matthew 4:8 Matthew 4:17 Matthew 5:3 Matthew 5:10 Matthew 6:13 Matthew 10:7 Matthew 11:12 Matthew 12:28 Matthew 13:24 Matthew 13:31 Matthew 13:33 Matthew 13:44 Matthew 13:45 Matthew 13:47 Matthew 18:23 Matthew 19:12 Matthew 19:14 Matthew 20:1 Matthew 21:43 ... +41 |
| ܕܡܠܟܐ | dmlkʾ dmlk' |
of the king | Matthew 5:35 Luke 23:2 John 18:37 John 19:21 John 19:21 Acts 12:20 1 Timothy 6:15 Hebrews 7:1 Hebrews 11:23 Hebrews 11:27 Psalms 21:8 Psalms 45:6 Psalms 45:16 Psalms 47:8 Psalms 48:3 Psalms 61:7 Psalms 99:4 Proverbs 14:35 Proverbs 16:10 Proverbs 16:13 ... +21 |
| ܡ̈ܠܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Psalms 2:2 Psalms 2:10 Psalms 48:5 Psalms 68:13 Psalms 68:30 Psalms 72:10 Psalms 72:10 Psalms 72:11 Psalms 76:13 Psalms 89:28 Psalms 102:16 Psalms 105:14 Psalms 110:5 Psalms 119:46 Psalms 135:10 Psalms 136:18 Psalms 138:1 Psalms 138:4 Psalms 148:11 Proverbs 8:15 ... +19 |
| ܡܠܟܘܬܗ | mlkwth mlkwthh |
reign, king[abst]-his | Matthew 6:33 Matthew 12:26 Matthew 13:41 Mark 9:1 Luke 4:43 Luke 9:2 Luke 9:27 Luke 9:60 Luke 10:9 Luke 10:11 Luke 11:18 Luke 11:20 Luke 12:31 Luke 17:20 Luke 17:20 Luke 17:21 Luke 19:11 John 3:3 Acts 12:20 Acts 19:8 ... +6 |
| ܠܡܠܟܘܬܐ | lmlkwtʾ lmlkwth' |
to the kingdom | Matthew 5:20 Matthew 7:21 Matthew 18:3 Matthew 19:24 Matthew 21:31 Mark 4:30 Mark 10:23 Mark 15:43 Luke 13:20 Luke 23:51 John 3:5 Colossians 1:13 Hebrews 11:33 1 Peter 2:9 |
| ܠܡܠܟܐ | lmlkʾ lmlk' |
to the king | Matthew 14:9 Mark 6:26 Acts 25:14 1 Timothy 1:17 1 Peter 2:13 Psalms 45:15 Psalms 72:1 Psalms 144:10 Proverbs 20:28 Isaiah 8:7 Isaiah 33:17 Isaiah 37:8 Ezekiel 19:9 |
| ܕܡܠܟܘܬܐ | dmlkwtʾ dmlkwth' |
of the kingdom | Matthew 4:23 Matthew 8:12 Matthew 9:35 Matthew 13:11 Matthew 13:19 Matthew 13:38 Matthew 16:19 Matthew 24:14 Luke 22:30 Acts 12:21 Isaiah 62:3 Ezekiel 17:13 |
| ܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | mlkwtʾ mlkwth' |
reign, king[abst] | Psalms 46:7 Psalms 67:5 Psalms 68:33 Psalms 79:6 Psalms 135:11 Isaiah 14:16 Isaiah 23:11 Isaiah 23:17 Isaiah 37:16 Isaiah 37:20 Isaiah 47:5 Ezekiel 29:15 |
| ܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | mlʾkwhy ml'kwhy |
reign, king | Matthew 13:41 Matthew 16:27 Matthew 24:31 Matthew 25:31 Mark 8:38 Mark 13:27 Luke 9:26 Luke 12:8 Luke 12:9 Luke 15:10 Hebrews 1:7 |
| ܐܡܠܟ | ʾmlk 'mlk |
he reigned | Romans 5:14 Romans 5:17 Psalms 47:9 Psalms 93:1 Psalms 96:10 Psalms 97:1 Psalms 99:1 Psalms 146:10 Isaiah 52:7 Ezekiel 20:33 |
| ܡܠܟ | mlk mlk |
reign, king Peal | John 18:10 Acts 27:22 Romans 1:2 2 Corinthians 8:10 Hebrews 6:13 Hebrews 7:1 Hebrews 7:2 Hebrews 12:26 Proverbs 12:26 Ezekiel 26:7 |
| ܘܡܠܟܐ | wmlkʾ wmlk' |
and the king | Matthew 10:18 Matthew 12:14 Mark 3:6 Luke 10:24 Psalms 63:12 Proverbs 30:31 Isaiah 19:4 Isaiah 37:13 Isaiah 37:13 |
| ܒܡܠܟܘܬܐ | bmlkwtʾ bmlkwth' |
in the kingdom | Matthew 5:19 Matthew 5:19 Matthew 8:11 Matthew 18:1 Matthew 18:4 Luke 7:28 Luke 13:28 Luke 13:29 James 2:5 |
| ܒܡܠܟܘܬܗ | bmlkwth bmlkwthh |
in-reign, king[abst]-his | Matthew 13:43 Matthew 16:28 Matthew 26:29 Mark 14:25 Luke 14:15 Luke 22:16 Ephesians 5:5 Colossians 4:11 2 Timothy 4:18 |
| ܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ | lmlkwth lmlkwthh |
to-reign, king[abst]-his | Mark 9:47 Mark 10:24 Mark 10:25 Luke 9:62 Luke 18:24 Luke 18:25 Acts 14:22 1 Thessalonians 2:12 2 Thessalonians 1:5 |
| ܡܠܐܟܗ | mlʾkh ml'kh |
reign, king | Matthew 1:24 Acts 7:30 Acts 12:11 Acts 12:15 Acts 12:23 Acts 27:23 2 Corinthians 12:7 Isaiah 37:36 |
| ܡܠܟܝ | mlky mlky |
reign, king-my | Luke 3:24 Luke 3:28 Psalms 2:6 Psalms 5:3 Psalms 44:5 Psalms 60:9 Psalms 84:4 Psalms 108:9 |
| ܕܡܠܟ | dmlk dmlk |
of-reign, king | John 18:14 Romans 4:21 Titus 1:2 Hebrews 10:23 Hebrews 11:11 James 1:12 James 2:5 |
| ܡܠܐ̈ܟܐ | mlʾkʾ ml'k' |
reign, king | Psalms 8:6 Psalms 82:1 Psalms 89:7 Proverbs 16:14 Ezekiel 23:16 Ezekiel 23:40 Ezekiel 30:9 |
| ܡܠܟܗ | mlkh mlkh |
reign, king-his | Matthew 27:42 Mark 15:32 John 1:49 Acts 25:12 Isaiah 41:21 Isaiah 44:6 |
| ܕܡܠܐܟܐ | dmlʾkʾ dml'k' |
reign, king | Matthew 26:53 Luke 24:23 Acts 6:15 Acts 7:53 Colossians 2:18 Hebrews 12:22 |
| ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ | dmlkwth dmlkwthh |
of-reign, king[abst]-his | Mark 1:14 Mark 4:11 Luke 3:1 Luke 8:10 Galatians 5:21 2 Timothy 4:1 |
| ܠܡܠܐܟܐ | lmlʾkʾ lml'k' |
reign, king | Luke 1:18 Luke 1:34 1 Timothy 3:16 Hebrews 2:5 Isaiah 14:32 |
| ܡܠ̣ܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Proverbs 12:26 Proverbs 15:22 Proverbs 19:20 Proverbs 22:21 Isaiah 40:13 |
| ܘܐܬܡܠܟܘ | wʾtmlkw w'thmlkw |
and-[pass]reign, king[3pl] Ethpeel | Matthew 26:4 Acts 4:26 Psalms 2:2 Psalms 83:4 Isaiah 45:21 |
| ܡܠܟܘ | mlkw mlkw |
reign, king[3pl] Peal | Matthew 12:25 Mark 13:8 Luke 11:17 Luke 21:10 |
| ܕܡ̈ܠܟܐ | dmlkʾ dmlk' |
of-reign, king | Proverbs 30:28 Proverbs 31:3 Isaiah 45:1 Isaiah 60:16 |
| ܢܡܠܟ | nmlk nmlk |
[impf]reign, king | 1 Corinthians 4:8 2 Timothy 2:12 Proverbs 30:22 Ezekiel 37:24 |
| ܡܠܐܟܝ | mlʾky ml'ky |
reign, king | Matthew 11:10 Mark 1:2 Luke 7:27 Isaiah 42:19 |
| ܡܠܐ̈ܟܘܗܝ | mlʾkwhy ml'kwhy |
reign, king | Psalms 97:7 Psalms 103:20 Psalms 104:4 Psalms 148:2 |
| ܘܡܠܟܘܬܐ | wmlkwtʾ wmlkwth' |
and the kingdom | Matthew 24:7 Isaiah 17:3 Isaiah 19:2 Isaiah 60:12 |
| ܬܡܠܟ | tmlk thmlk |
[impf]reign, king | Romans 5:21 Romans 6:12 Isaiah 33:21 |
| ܐܬܡܠܟ | ʾtmlk 'thmlk |
[pass]reign, king Ethpeel | Galatians 3:16 Isaiah 23:8 Isaiah 40:14 |
| ܒܡܠ̣ܟܐ | bmlkʾ bmlk' |
in-reign, king | Proverbs 11:14 Proverbs 27:9 Isaiah 3:3 |
| ܡܠܟܬܐ | mlktʾ mlkth' |
queen | Matthew 12:42 Luke 11:31 Acts 8:27 |
| ܒܡܠܟܐ | bmlkʾ bmlk' |
in-reign, king | Matthew 2:6 Psalms 111:1 Isaiah 7:20 |
| ܘܐܡܠܟ | wʾmlk w'mlk |
and-[impf]reign, king Aphel | Proverbs 24:21 Isaiah 37:38 |
| ܘܢܡܠܟ | wnmlk wnmlk |
and-[impf]reign, king | Luke 1:33 Isaiah 7:6 |
| ܕܡܠܐ̈ܟܐ | dmlʾkʾ dml'k' |
reign, king | Psalms 78:25 Psalms 82:1 |
| ܐܬܡܠܟܘ | ʾtmlkw 'thmlkw |
[pass]reign, king[3pl] Ethpeel | Psalms 31:14 Psalms 71:10 |
| ܡ̈ܠ̣ܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Isaiah 19:11 Ezekiel 11:2 |
| ܕܢܡܠܟ | dnmlk dnmlk |
of-[impf]reign, king | Luke 19:14 1 Corinthians 15:25 |
| ܕܠܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | dlmlʾkwhy dlml'kwhy |
reign, king | Matthew 4:6 Luke 4:10 |
| ܠܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | lmlkwtʾ lmlkwth' |
to-reign, king[abst] | Psalms 44:3 Isaiah 10:10 |
| ܡ̈ܠܝܟܝ | mlyky mlyky |
reign, king | Isaiah 29:4 Isaiah 29:4 |
| ܕܠܡܠܐܟܐ | dlmlʾkʾ dlml'k' |
reign, king | 1 Corinthians 6:3 Galatians 4:14 |
| ܘܡ̈ܠܟܐ | wmlkʾ wmlk' |
and-reign, king | Isaiah 41:2 Isaiah 60:3 |
| ܕܡܠܐ̈ܟܘܗܝ | dmlʾkwhy dml'kwhy |
reign, king | Psalms 34:8 Isaiah 44:26 |
| ܕܡܬܡܠܟܝܢ | dmtmlkyn dmthmlkyn |
that.from-[impf]reign, king[pl] | Proverbs 12:20 Proverbs 13:10 |
| ܡܠܟܟܘܢ | mlkkwn mlkkwn |
reign, king-your(pl) | John 19:14 Isaiah 43:15 |
| ܕܐܡܠܟ | dʾmlk d'mlk |
of-[impf]reign, king Aphel | Luke 19:27 Isaiah 24:23 |
| ܘܡܠܐܟܗ | wmlʾkh wml'kh |
reign, king | Psalms 35:5 Psalms 35:6 |
| ܕܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | dmlkwtʾ dmlkwth' |
of-reign, king[abst] | Isaiah 13:4 Isaiah 13:19 |
| ܘܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | wmlʾkwhy wml'kwhy |
reign, king | John 1:51 1 Timothy 5:21 |
| ܘܡܠܘܟܐ | wmlwkʾ wmlwk' |
reign, king | Isaiah 3:3 Isaiah 9:5 |
| ܠܡ̈ܠܟܐ | lmlkʾ lmlk' |
to-reign, king | Psalms 136:17 Isaiah 57:9 |
| ܐܡܠܟܬܘܢ | ʾmlktwn 'mlkthwn |
[impf]reign, king-you(pl) Aphel | 1 Corinthians 4:8 1 Corinthians 4:8 |
| ܘܡܠܟܘ | wmlkw wmlkw |
and-reign, king[3pl] Peal | Mark 13:8 Luke 21:10 |
| ܡܠܟܢ | mlkn mlkn |
reign, king-them | Psalms 89:19 Isaiah 33:22 |
| ܘܠܡܠܟܐ | wlmlkʾ wlmlk' |
and.to-reign, king | 1 Peter 2:17 Isaiah 6:5 |
| ܘܠܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | wlmlʾkwhy wlml'kwhy |
reign, king | Matthew 25:41 |
| ܕܐܬܡܠܟܘ | dʾtmlkw d'thmlkw |
of-[pass]reign, king[3pl] Ethpeel | Isaiah 7:5 |
| ܕܡܠܟܢܝ | dmlkny dmlkny |
of-reign, king-me Peal | Psalms 16:7 |
| ܘܡܠܟܘܬܗ | wmlkwth wmlkwthh |
and-reign, king[abst]-his | Psalms 103:19 |
| ܘܠܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | wlmlkwtʾ wlmlkwth' |
and.to-reign, king[abst] | Psalms 67:5 |
| ܒܡܠܐܟܐ | bmlʾkʾ bml'k' |
reign, king | 2 Corinthians 11:14 |
| ܡܠܟܟ | mlkk mlkk |
reign, king-your | Philemon 1:14 |
| ܕܐܡܠܟܬ | dʾmlkt d'mlkth |
of-[impf]reign, king[perf] Aphel | Romans 5:21 |
| ܕܐܬܡܠܟܬ | dʾtmlkt d'thmlkth |
of-[pass]reign, king[perf] Ethpeel | Hebrews 11:9 |
| ܕܠܡܠܐ̈ܟܘܗܝ | dlmlʾkwhy dlml'kwhy |
reign, king | Psalms 91:11 |
| ܡܠܟܗܘܢ | mlkhwn mlkhwn |
reign, king-their | John 18:33 |
| ܘܡܠ̇ܟܝܢ | wmlkyn wmlkyn |
and-reign, king[pl] | Ezekiel 11:2 |
| ܡܡܠܟܝܢ | mmlkyn mmlkyn |
[ptcp]reign, king[pl] | Proverbs 8:15 |
| ܡܡܠܟ | mmlk mmlk |
[ptcp]reign, king | 2 Corinthians 8:10 |
| ܘܠܡܠܐܟܐ | wlmlʾkʾ wlml'k' |
reign, king | 1 Corinthians 4:9 |
| ܘܡܠܐܟܐ | wmlʾkʾ wml'k' |
reign, king | Isaiah 63:9 |
| ܡ̈ܠ̇ܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Isaiah 19:11 |
| ܘܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | wmlkwtʾ wmlkwth' |
and-reign, king[abst] | Psalms 102:23 |
| ܕܡ̇ܠܟܝܢ | dmlkyn dmlkyn |
of-reign, king[pl] | Isaiah 19:11 |
| ܕܡܠܟܘ | dmlkw dmlkw |
of-reign, king[3pl] Peal | Proverbs 30:27 |
| ܕܡ̈ܠܟܝ | dmlky dmlky |
of-reign, king-my | Proverbs 15:22 |
| ܘܡܠܟܢ | wmlkn wmlkn |
and-reign, king-them | Psalms 20:10 |
| ܕܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | dmlʾkwhy dml'kwhy |
reign, king | 2 Thessalonians 1:7 |
| ܘܡܠ̣ܟܐ | wmlkʾ wmlk' |
and-reign, king | Ezekiel 7:26 |
| ܒܡ̈ܠܟܘܬܐ | bmlkwtʾ bmlkwth' |
in-reign, king[abst] | Ezekiel 16:13 |
| ܡ̇ܠܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Ezekiel 7:27 |
| ܕܡܠܟܗ | dmlkh dmlkh |
of-reign, king-his | Psalms 18:51 |
| ܠܡܠ̣ܟܐ | lmlkʾ lmlk' |
to-reign, king | Proverbs 12:15 |
| ܕܬܡܠܟ | dtmlk dthmlk |
of-[impf]reign, king | Isaiah 30:33 |
| ܘܡܠܐ̈ܟܐ | wmlʾkʾ wml'k' |
reign, king | Isaiah 33:7 |
| ܠܡܠܟܢ | lmlkn lmlkn |
to-reign, king-them | Psalms 47:7 |
| ܘܡܠܟ | wmlk wmlk |
and-reign, king | Acts 27:9 |
| ܕܡܠ̣ܟܐ | dmlkʾ dmlk' |
of-reign, king | Proverbs 24:6 |
| ܘܡܠܐ̈ܟܘܗܝ | wmlʾkwhy wml'kwhy |
reign, king | Isaiah 30:4 |
| ܘܒܡܠܟܐ | wbmlkʾ wbmlk' |
and.in-reign, king | Acts 9:15 |
| ܕܡܠܝܟܐ | dmlykʾ dmlyk' |
reign, king | Ephesians 1:13 |
| ܒܡܠܟܗܘܢ | bmlkhwn bmlkhwn |
in-reign, king-their | Psalms 149:2 |
| ܘܕܡܠܟܝ | wdmlky wdmlky |
and.of-reign, king-my | Psalms 68:25 |
| ܡܠ̇ܟܐ | mlkʾ mlk' |
reign, king | Isaiah 19:11 |
| ܠܡܠܟܗ | lmlkh lmlkh |
to-reign, king-his | Isaiah 8:21 |
| ܘܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ | wlmlkwth wlmlkwthh |
and.to-reign, king[abst]-his | Luke 1:33 |
| ܠܡܠܟܟܘܢ | lmlkkwn lmlkkwn |
to-reign, king-your(pl) | John 19:15 |
| ܘܡܠܟܬܐ | wmlktʾ wmlkth' |
and-reign, king[fem] | Psalms 45:10 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| מֶלֶךְ | melekh | king |
| מַלְכָּה | malka | queen |
| מַלְכוּת | malkhut | kingdom |
| מָלַךְ | malakh | to reign |
| מֻלְכָּה | mulkha | royalty |
| מַלְכִּי | mal'ki | my king |
| מְמַלְכֶת | m'mal'khet | kingdom |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| مَلِك | malik | king |
| مَلِكَة | malika | queen |
| مَمْلَكَة | mamlaka | kingdom |
| مُلْك | mulk | property/dominion |
| مَلَكَة | malaka | faculty, aptitude, natural ability |
| مَمْلُوك | mamlūk | slave |