ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܚܝܒ | ḥyb khyb |
guilty, owe Peal | Matthew 26:66 Luke 7:41 Luke 16:5 Luke 16:7 John 19:7 Romans 1:14 1 Corinthians 11:7 2 Timothy 2:24 Titus 1:7 Titus 3:11 Philemon 1:18 Philemon 1:19 Hebrews 5:3 Hebrews 9:26 Hebrews 11:6 |
| ܡܚܝܒ | mḥyb mkhyb |
[ptcp]guilty, owe | Matthew 5:21 Matthew 5:22 Matthew 5:22 Matthew 5:22 Mark 3:29 John 7:51 John 8:11 Acts 22:25 Romans 1:32 Romans 2:1 Romans 8:34 1 Corinthians 11:27 1 John 5:16 Isaiah 50:9 |
| ܚܝܒܝܢ | ḥybyn khybyn |
guilty, owe[pl] | John 13:14 Romans 15:27 Romans 15:27 1 Corinthians 5:10 2 Corinthians 4:8 2 Corinthians 12:11 2 Corinthians 12:14 Hebrews 5:12 Psalms 109:7 |
| ܕܚܝܒ | dḥyb dkhyb |
of-guilty, owe | Matthew 18:24 Matthew 18:28 Matthew 18:28 Matthew 18:30 Matthew 18:34 Mark 14:64 Galatians 5:3 Isaiah 24:2 |
| ܚܝܒܐ | ḥybʾ khyb' |
guilty, owe | Luke 7:41 Luke 16:5 1 Corinthians 11:10 |
| ܐܬܚܝܒ | ʾtḥyb 'thkhyb |
[pass]guilty, owe Ethpeel | Romans 14:23 James 2:10 |
| ܕܚܝܒܝܢ | dḥybyn dkhybyn |
of-guilty, owe[pl] | Luke 11:4 Luke 17:10 |
| ܡܚܝܒܝܢ | mḥybyn mkhybyn |
[ptcp]guilty, owe[pl] | Matthew 12:7 Psalms 94:21 |
| ܚܝ̈ܒܢ | ḥybn khybn |
guilty, owe-them | Ezekiel 13:19 Ezekiel 13:19 |
| ܚܘܝܒܐ | ḥwybʾ khwyb' |
guilty, owe | Romans 5:18 1 Corinthians 11:29 |
| ܕܐܬܚܝܒ | dʾtḥyb d'thkhyb |
of-[pass]guilty, owe Ethpeel | Matthew 27:3 Isaiah 34:5 |
| ܠܚܝܒܘܬܐ | lḥybwtʾ lkhybwth' |
to-guilty, owe[abst] | 1 Corinthians 11:34 |
| ܢܚܝܒ | nḥyb nkhyb |
[impf]guilty, owe | Psalms 5:11 |
| ܚܝܒܗ | ḥybh khybh |
guilty, owe-his | Hebrews 11:7 |
| ܠܚܘܝܒܐ | lḥwybʾ lkhwyb' |
guilty, owe | Romans 5:16 |
| ܚܝܒܘܬܐ | ḥybwtʾ khybwth' |
guilty, owe[abst] | Romans 8:1 |
| ܠܚܝܒܝܢ | lḥybyn lkhybyn |
to-guilty, owe[pl] | Matthew 6:12 |
| ܕܚܝܒܘ | dḥybw dkhybw |
of-guilty, owe[3pl] Peal | Acts 26:10 |
| ܠܚܝܒܐ | lḥybʾ lkhyb' |
to-guilty, owe | Isaiah 5:23 |
| ܕܚܘܝܒܐ | dḥwybʾ dkhwyb' |
guilty, owe | 2 Corinthians 3:9 |
| ܘܡܚܝܒ | wmḥyb wmkhyb |
and.from-guilty, owe | Proverbs 17:15 |
| ܕܡܬܚܝܒ | dmtḥyb dmthkhyb |
that.from-[impf]guilty, owe | Romans 13:7 |
| ܚܝܒܬܘܢ | ḥybtwn khybthwn |
guilty, owe-you(pl) Peal | James 5:6 |
| ܘܬܚܝܒ | wtḥyb wthkhyb |
and-[impf]guilty, owe | Luke 11:31 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| חַיָּב | khayyav | guilty, debtor |
| חוֹב | khov | debt |
| חָיַב | kha-yav | obliged, culpable |
| מַחְיָב | makh-yav | responsible, culpable |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| وَجَبَ | wajaba | to be obligatory |
| وَاجِب | wa-jib | obligatory, due |
| مَوْجُوب | maw-jub | obliged, required |
| مَحْيُوب | mah-yub | guilty, responsible |