ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܚܘܒܐ | ḥwbʾ khwb' |
love/debt | Matthew 24:12 Luke 7:41 Luke 11:42 John 13:35 John 15:13 Romans 1:31 Romans 13:10 1 Corinthians 7:3 1 Corinthians 8:1 1 Corinthians 13:4 1 Corinthians 13:4 1 Corinthians 13:4 1 Corinthians 13:8 1 Corinthians 13:13 1 Corinthians 14:1 2 Corinthians 2:4 Galatians 5:22 Philippians 2:2 Colossians 3:14 1 Thessalonians 4:9 ... +15 |
| ܒܚܘܒܐ | bḥwbʾ bkhwb' |
in love | John 15:10 Romans 14:15 1 Corinthians 4:21 1 Corinthians 16:14 2 Corinthians 6:6 2 Corinthians 9:14 Galatians 5:6 Galatians 5:13 Ephesians 3:17 Ephesians 4:2 Ephesians 5:2 Ephesians 6:7 Philippians 2:1 Colossians 2:2 1 Thessalonians 2:17 1 Thessalonians 5:13 1 John 4:16 1 John 4:18 1 John 4:18 |
| ܡܚܒ | mḥb mkhb |
love, debt | Luke 7:47 John 3:35 John 11:5 John 14:21 1 Corinthians 8:3 2 Corinthians 11:11 2 Corinthians 12:15 Ephesians 5:28 Ephesians 5:28 Philippians 1:8 1 John 3:10 1 John 3:14 1 John 4:8 1 John 4:20 1 John 5:1 |
| ܚܘܒܗ | ḥwbh khwbh |
love, debt-his | Romans 5:8 Romans 8:35 Romans 8:39 2 Corinthians 5:14 Ephesians 2:4 2 Timothy 3:4 1 John 2:5 1 John 2:15 1 John 3:1 1 John 3:16 1 John 3:17 1 John 4:9 1 John 4:17 1 John 5:3 |
| ܘܚܘܒܐ | wḥwbʾ wkhwb' |
and love | 1 Corinthians 13:1 1 Corinthians 13:2 1 Corinthians 13:3 1 Corinthians 13:13 2 Corinthians 7:11 Ephesians 6:23 1 Timothy 1:14 2 Timothy 2:22 Philemon 1:5 Proverbs 15:17 |
| ܚܘܒܟܘܢ | ḥwbkwn khwbkwn |
love, debt-your(pl) | Romans 12:9 2 Corinthians 2:8 2 Corinthians 6:13 2 Corinthians 7:7 Philippians 1:9 Colossians 1:8 1 Thessalonians 3:6 1 Thessalonians 3:12 |
| ܘܒܚܘܒܐ | wbḥwbʾ wbkhwb' |
and.in-love, debt | Romans 15:30 Ephesians 1:4 Philippians 1:15 1 Timothy 2:15 1 Timothy 4:12 2 Timothy 1:13 Titus 2:2 |
| ܐܚܒܘ | ʾḥbw 'khbw |
love, debt | Matthew 5:44 Luke 6:27 Luke 6:35 Ephesians 5:25 Colossians 3:19 1 Peter 2:17 |
| ܡܚܒܝܢ | mḥbyn mkhbyn |
love, debt | Matthew 5:46 Luke 6:32 John 8:42 John 13:34 2 Corinthians 12:15 1 Peter 1:22 |
| ܕܡܚܒ | dmḥb dmkhb |
love, debt | Romans 13:8 1 John 2:10 1 John 4:7 1 John 4:20 1 John 4:21 1 John 5:1 |
| ܐܚܒܢ | ʾḥbn 'khbn |
love, debt | Ephesians 5:2 1 John 4:10 1 John 4:10 1 John 4:11 1 John 4:19 |
| ܕܡܚܒܝܢ | dmḥbyn dmkhbyn |
love, debt | Matthew 5:46 Luke 6:32 Luke 6:32 Romans 8:28 Ephesians 6:24 |
| ܕܚܘܒܐ | dḥwbʾ dkhwb' |
of love | John 17:26 Romans 13:10 2 Corinthians 13:11 Hebrews 10:24 1 John 4:7 |
| ܕܐܚܒܢ | dʾḥbn d'khbn |
love, debt | Romans 8:37 Galatians 2:20 Ephesians 2:4 2 Thessalonians 2:16 |
| ܕܚܘܒܗ | dḥwbh dkhwbh |
of-love, debt-his | John 5:42 Romans 5:5 Ephesians 3:19 |
| ܐܚܒ | ʾḥb 'khb |
love, debt | John 3:16 John 13:1 Ephesians 5:25 |
| ܕܚܘܒܟܘܢ | dḥwbkwn dkhwbkwn |
of-love, debt-your(pl) | 2 Corinthians 8:8 2 Corinthians 8:24 1 Thessalonians 1:3 |
| ܚܒܬܐ | ḥbtʾ khbth' |
love, debt | 1 Corinthians 3:12 Psalms 39:12 Isaiah 5:24 |
| ܘܚܘܒܟܘܢ | wḥwbkwn wkhwbkwn |
and-love, debt-your(pl) | Ephesians 1:15 Colossians 1:4 Hebrews 6:10 |
| ܘܚܘܒܗ | wḥwbh wkhwbh |
and-love, debt-his | 2 Corinthians 13:14 1 John 4:12 |
| ܕܬܚܒ | dtḥb dthkhb |
love, debt | Mark 12:31 Galatians 5:14 |
| ܘܐܚܒ | wʾḥb w'khb |
love, debt | John 13:1 2 Timothy 4:10 |
| ܘܡܚܒܝܢ | wmḥbyn wmkhbyn |
love, debt | Romans 12:10 1 Peter 1:8 |
| ܒܚܘܒܗ | bḥwbh bkhwbh |
in-love, debt-his | John 15:10 Ephesians 5:21 |
| ܘܕܚܘܒܐ | wdḥwbʾ wdkhwb' |
and.of-love, debt | 1 Thessalonians 5:8 2 Timothy 1:7 |
| ܠܡܚܒܘ | lmḥbw lmkhbw |
love, debt | Romans 13:8 1 John 4:11 |
| ܚܘܒܝܢ | ḥwbyn khwbyn |
love, debt[pl] | Matthew 6:12 Colossians 2:14 |
| ܘܐܚܒܘ | wʾḥbw w'khbw |
love, debt | John 3:19 |
| ܚܘܒܬܗ | ḥwbth khwbthh |
love, debt-his | Isaiah 24:2 |
| ܚܘܒܬܐ | ḥwbtʾ khwbth' |
love, debt[fem] | Matthew 18:32 |
| ܘܢܚܒ | wnḥb wnkhb |
love, debt | 1 John 3:23 |
| ܒܚ̈ܘܒܘܗܝ | bḥwbwhy bkhwbwhy |
in-love, debt-her | Proverbs 5:22 |
| ܕܢܚܒ | dnḥb dnkhb |
love, debt | 1 John 4:20 |
| ܘܕܐܚܒܬ | wdʾḥbt wd'khbth |
love, debt | John 17:23 |
| ܕܐܚܒܢܝ | dʾḥbny d'khbny |
love, debt | John 15:9 |
| ܚܘܒܟ | ḥwbk khwbk |
love, debt-your | Philemon 1:7 |
| ܐܚܒܬ | ʾḥbt 'khbth |
love, debt | John 17:23 |
| ܠܚܘܒܗ | lḥwbh lkhwbh |
to-love, debt-his | 2 Thessalonians 3:5 |
| ܒܚܘܒܢ | bḥwbn bkhwbn |
in-love, debt-them | Ephesians 4:15 |
| ܕܠܚܒܬܐ | dlḥbtʾ dlkhbth' |
love, debt | Isaiah 40:24 |
| ܕܐܚܒܬ | dʾḥbt d'khbth |
love, debt | Luke 7:47 |
| ܚܘܒܝ | ḥwby khwby |
love, debt-my | 2 Timothy 3:10 |
| ܘܚܘܒܬܗ | wḥwbth wkhwbthh |
and-love, debt-his | Matthew 18:27 |
| ܚܒܬܘܢ | ḥbtwn khbthwn |
love, debt | 1 Corinthians 6:7 |
| ܘܚܘܒܝ | wḥwby wkhwby |
and-love, debt-my | 1 Corinthians 16:24 |
| ܘܐܚܒܗ | wʾḥbh w'khbh |
love, debt | Mark 10:21 |
| ܘܬܚܒ | wtḥb wthkhb |
love, debt | Matthew 19:19 |
| ܘܚܒܬ | wḥbt wkhbth |
love, debt | Isaiah 42:25 |
| ܕܒܚܘܒܐ | dbḥwbʾ dbkhwb' |
that.in-love, debt | Ephesians 4:16 |
| ܒܚܘܒܬܐ | bḥwbtʾ bkhwbth' |
in-love, debt[fem] | Isaiah 57:10 |
| ܕܐܚܒܘ | dʾḥbw d'khbw |
love, debt | 2 Timothy 4:8 |
| ܘܒܚܘܒܢ | wbḥwbn wbkhwbn |
and.in-love, debt-them | 2 Corinthians 8:7 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| חוֹב | khov | debt |
| חוֹבָה | khovah | obligation |
| חַיָּב | khayyav | guilty/debtor |
| אָחַב | akhav | to love |
| אַהָבָה | ahavah | love |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| حُبّ | hubb | love |
| أَحَبَّ | ahabba | to love |
| حَبِيب | habib | beloved/dear |
| مَحَبَّة | mahabba | love/affection |
| مَحَبَّة | mahabbah | love, affection |