Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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ܦܐܪ P-A-R — fruit, produce

Semantic field: fruit, yield, result of labor

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܦܐܪ (par) carries the full arc from seed to consequence — fruit is not just what grows on a tree but the visible manifestation of an invisible process. Greek καρπός retains the metaphorica… Explore this root →

פְּרִי peri

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sin

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܚܛܗܐ	ḥṭhʾ khTh'	sin/sins	Matthew 9:6 Mark 2:7 Mark 2:10 Mark 3:28 Luke 5:21 Luke 5:24 Luke 7:49 John 20:23 Acts 2:38 Acts 5:31 Acts 10:43 Acts 13:38 Acts 26:18 Romans 5:16 Hebrews 5:1 Hebrews 7:26 Hebrews 9:28 Hebrews 10:4 Hebrews 10:6 Hebrews 10:8 ... +11
ܚܛܝܐ	ḥṭyʾ khTy'	sinner	Mark 2:16 Luke 5:8 Luke 6:32 Luke 6:33 Luke 6:34 Luke 15:7 Luke 15:10 Luke 19:7 Luke 24:7 John 9:16 John 9:24 John 9:25 Romans 3:7 Romans 5:8 Romans 5:19 1 Corinthians 7:28 Galatians 2:15 Galatians 2:17 Hebrews 12:3 James 4:8 ... +2
ܚܛܐ	ḥṭʾ khT'	sin Peal	Matthew 13:25 Matthew 13:29 Matthew 13:30 Luke 16:7 John 9:2 John 9:3 Acts 27:38 1 Corinthians 6:18 1 Corinthians 7:28 1 Corinthians 7:36 1 John 3:6 1 John 5:18
ܠܚܛܝܐ	lḥṭyʾ lkhTy'	sin	Matthew 9:13 Mark 2:17 Luke 5:32 Luke 6:34 Luke 15:2 Luke 18:13 Romans 4:5 1 Timothy 1:15 James 5:20
ܘܚܛܝܐ	wḥṭyʾ wkhTy'	sin	Matthew 9:10 Matthew 9:11 Mark 2:15 Mark 2:16 Luke 5:30 Luke 15:1 1 Peter 4:18
ܚܛܝܬ	ḥṭyt khTyth	sin	Matthew 27:4 Luke 15:18 Luke 15:21 Acts 25:10
ܢܚܛܐ	nḥṭʾ nkhT'	[impf]sin	Luke 17:3 Romans 6:15 Hebrews 10:26 1 John 2:1
ܕܚܛܐ	dḥṭʾ dkhT'	of-sin	1 Corinthians 15:37 1 John 3:6 1 John 5:16
ܕܡܚܛܐ	dmḥṭʾ dmkhT'	that.from-sin	Matthew 19:24 Mark 10:25 Luke 18:25
ܘܚܛܐ	wḥṭʾ wkhT'	and-sin	Matthew 3:12 Luke 3:17 Titus 3:11
ܕܚܛܝܐ	dḥṭyʾ dkhTy'	sin	Matthew 26:45 Mark 14:41 John 9:31
ܘܕܚܛܝܐ	wdḥṭyʾ wdkhTy'	sin	Matthew 11:19 Luke 7:34
ܕܠܚܛܐ	dlḥṭʾ dlkhT'	that.to-sin	Luke 22:31
ܠܡܚܛܐ	lmḥṭʾ lmkhT'	so.that-sin	1 John 3:9
ܚܛܗ	ḥṭh khTh	sin-his	John 8:7
ܚܝܛܐ	ḥyṭʾ khyT'	sin	John 19:23
ܘܠܚܛܝܐ	wlḥṭyʾ wlkhTy'	sin	1 Timothy 1:9
ܬܚܛܐ	tḥṭʾ thkhT'	[impf]sin	John 5:14

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
חָטָא	khata	to sin
חֵטְא	khet	sin
חַטָּאת	khattat	sin offering
חוֹטֵא	khote	sinner
חֲטָאָה	khatá'a	sin
מֶחְטָא	mekhta'	sin

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
خَطَأَ	khata'a	to err/make a mistake
خَطِيئَة	khati'a	sin/error
خَطِيْئَة	khatíy'a	sin
خَطِيْر	khatír	sinful
مَخْطَأَة	makhtá'a	mistake