ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܡܚܫܒܬܐ | mḥšbtʾ mkhshbth' |
[ptcp]think, reckon[fem] | Matthew 15:19 Mark 7:21 Luke 2:35 Luke 9:46 Luke 9:47 Luke 24:38 Acts 5:38 2 Corinthians 10:5 1 Timothy 2:8 Hebrews 4:12 Proverbs 20:18 Ezekiel 38:10 |
| ܐܬܚܫܒܘ | ʾtḥšbw 'thkhshbw |
[pass]think, reckon[3pl] Ethpeel | John 11:53 Acts 23:20 Psalms 40:18 Psalms 64:7 Psalms 73:8 Isaiah 33:8 Ezekiel 32:25 |
| ܚܫܝܒܝܢ | ḥšybyn khshybyn |
think, reckon | 1 Corinthians 4:1 1 Thessalonians 5:13 1 Peter 2:10 Isaiah 29:16 Isaiah 40:17 Isaiah 40:17 |
| ܘܐܬܚܫܒܘ | wʾtḥšbw w'thkhshbw |
and-[pass]think, reckon[3pl] Ethpeel | Mark 11:31 Psalms 21:12 Psalms 31:14 Psalms 41:8 Psalms 64:6 |
| ܕܐܬܚܫܒܘ | dʾtḥšbw d'thkhshbw |
of-[pass]think, reckon[3pl] Ethpeel | Psalms 10:2 Psalms 35:4 Psalms 140:3 Psalms 140:5 Ezekiel 32:29 |
| ܐܬܚܫܒܬ | ʾtḥšbt 'thkhshbth |
[pass]think, reckon[perf] Ethpeel | Romans 4:10 Romans 4:22 Psalms 88:5 Psalms 119:59 |
| ܘܡܬܚܫܒܝܢ | wmtḥšbyn wmthkhshbyn |
and.from-[impf]think, reckon[pl] | Mark 8:16 Acts 5:24 Acts 5:33 Psalms 56:6 |
| ܚܫܒ | ḥšb khshb |
think, reckon Peal | Luke 14:28 Romans 4:6 2 Corinthians 5:19 Philippians 3:8 |
| ܘܐܬܚܫܒܬ | wʾtḥšbt w'thkhshbth |
and-[pass]think, reckon[perf] Ethpeel | Romans 4:3 Galatians 3:6 James 2:23 Psalms 106:31 |
| ܢܚܫܘܒ | nḥšwb nkhshwb |
think, reckon | Romans 4:8 Philippians 2:3 Psalms 32:2 |
| ܚܫܝܒ | ḥšyb khshyb |
think, reckon | Isaiah 2:22 Isaiah 13:17 Isaiah 40:16 |
| ܚܫܝܒܐ | ḥšybʾ khshyb' |
think, reckon | Acts 20:24 Romans 5:13 Isaiah 40:16 |
| ܐܬܚܫܒ | ʾtḥšb 'thkhshb |
[pass]think, reckon Ethpeel | Mark 15:28 Luke 7:39 Isaiah 10:7 |
| ܘܚܫܒܬ | wḥšbt wkhshbth |
and-think, reckon[perf] Peal | Psalms 77:6 Ezekiel 28:2 |
| ܘܡܬܚܫܒ | wmtḥšb wmthkhshb |
and.from-[impf]think, reckon | Luke 12:17 Proverbs 16:30 |
| ܚܫܒܬ | ḥšbt khshbth |
think, reckon[perf] Peal | Philippians 3:7 Philippians 3:8 |
| ܘܐܬܚܫܒܢ | wʾtḥšbn w'thkhshbn |
and-[pass]think, reckon-them Ethpeel | Romans 8:36 Psalms 44:23 |
| ܕܐܬܚܫܒܬ | dʾtḥšbt d'thkhshbth |
of-[pass]think, reckon[perf] Ethpeel | Romans 4:9 Romans 4:23 |
| ܕܡܬܚܫܒ | dmtḥšb dmthkhshb |
that.from-[impf]think, reckon | Proverbs 6:18 Proverbs 24:8 |
| ܕܡܬܚܫܒܝܢ | dmtḥšbyn dmthkhshbyn |
that.from-[impf]think, reckon[pl] | Acts 12:11 Ezekiel 11:2 |
| ܡܚܫ̈ܒܬܐ | mḥšbtʾ mkhshbth' |
[ptcp]think, reckon[fem] | Proverbs 15:22 Proverbs 19:21 |
| ܡܚ̈ܫܒܬܐ | mḥšbtʾ mkhshbth' |
[ptcp]think, reckon[fem] | Proverbs 6:18 Proverbs 15:26 |
| ܕܢܚܫܘܒ | dnḥšwb dnkhshwb |
think, reckon | Romans 4:24 2 Corinthians 10:12 |
| ܘܡܚܫܒܬܐ | wmḥšbtʾ wmkhshbth' |
and.from-think, reckon[fem] | Romans 1:29 Psalms 33:11 |
| ܡܚܫ̈ܒܬܗ | mḥšbth mkhshbthh |
[ptcp]think, reckon-his | Psalms 44:22 Proverbs 21:5 |
| ܡܚܫܒܬܗ | mḥšbth mkhshbthh |
[ptcp]think, reckon-his | 2 Corinthians 2:11 |
| ܐܬܚܫܒܢ | ʾtḥšbn 'thkhshbn |
[pass]think, reckon-them Ethpeel | Acts 15:25 |
| ܘܚܫܝܒ | wḥšyb wkhshyb |
think, reckon | Ezekiel 33:32 |
| ܕܐܬܚܫܒܬܘܢ | dʾtḥšbtwn d'thkhshbthwn |
of-[pass]think, reckon-you(pl) Ethpeel | Ezekiel 5:7 |
| ܘܐܬܚܫܒ | wʾtḥšb w'thkhshb |
and-[pass]think, reckon Ethpeel | Acts 20:3 |
| ܕܚܫܒܢܝ | dḥšbny dkhshbny |
of-think, reckon-me Peal | 1 Timothy 1:12 |
| ܕܐܬܚܫܒ̇ܬ | dʾtḥšbt d'thkhshbth |
of-[pass]think, reckon[perf] Ethpeel | Isaiah 14:24 |
| ܚܫܘܒ | ḥšwb khshwb |
think, reckon | Philemon 1:18 |
| ܘܚܫܒ | wḥšb wkhshb |
and-think, reckon | Hebrews 10:29 |
| ܕܚܫܒܝܢ | dḥšbyn dkhshbyn |
of-think, reckon[pl] | 2 Corinthians 10:2 |
| ܕܚܫܒܬ | dḥšbt dkhshbth |
of-think, reckon[perf] Peal | Ezekiel 28:6 |
| ܚܘܫܒܐ | ḥwšbʾ khwshb' |
think, reckon | James 3:15 |
| ܘܚܫܒܘ | wḥšbw wkhshbw |
and-think, reckon[3pl] Peal | Acts 19:19 |
| ܘܚܫ̈ܒܬܐ | wḥšbtʾ wkhshbth' |
and-think, reckon[fem] | Ezekiel 2:10 |
| ܕܡܚܫܒܬܐ | dmḥšbtʾ dmkhshbth' |
that.from-think, reckon[fem] | James 2:4 |
| ܘܡܬܚܫܒܐ | wmtḥšbʾ wmthkhshb' |
and.from-[impf]think, reckon | Luke 1:29 |
| ܚܫܘܒܘ | ḥšwbw khshwbw |
think, reckon | Romans 6:11 |
| ܚܫܒܗ | ḥšbh khshbh |
think, reckon-his | Philippians 2:6 |
| ܒܚܘܫܒܢ | bḥwšbn bkhwshbn |
think, reckon | Philippians 4:15 |
| ܡܚ̈ܫܒܬܗ | mḥšbth mkhshbthh |
[ptcp]think, reckon-his | Psalms 146:4 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| מַחֲשָׁבָה | makhshava | thought |
| חָשַׁב | ḥāšav | to think, reckon |
| חֶשְׁבּוֹן | ḥešbōn | account, calculation |
| מַחֲשָׁבָה | maḥăšāvāh | thought, idea |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| حَسَبَ | hasaba | to calculate/consider |
| حِسَاب | hisab | account/calculation |
| حَسِبَ | ḥasiba | to consider, calculate |
| حُسْبَان | ḥusbān | consideration, calculation |
| مَحْسُوب | maḥsūb | considered, computed |
| حَسَابِيّ | ḥisābiyy | arithmetic, mathematical |