ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT

Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.

Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.

3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
auto_stories Method

Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

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ܚܣܡ KH-S-M
muzzle, envy
Peshitta Occurrences
Form Transliteration Gloss References
ܚܣܡܐ
ḥsmʾ
khsm'
muzzle, envy Matthew 27:18 Mark 15:10 Luke 6:11 Acts 5:17 Acts 13:45 1 Corinthians 3:3 Galatians 5:21 Philippians 1:15 1 Timothy 6:4 James 3:14 James 3:16 Psalms 119:139
ܬܚܣܡ
tḥsm
thkhsm
[impf]muzzle, envy Psalms 37:1 Psalms 37:7 Psalms 37:8 Proverbs 24:19
ܘܚܣܡܐ
wḥsmʾ
wkhsm'
and-muzzle, envy Romans 1:29 2 Corinthians 12:20 1 Peter 2:1
ܚܣܡ
ḥsm
khsm
muzzle, envy Peal 1 Corinthians 13:4 Galatians 3:1
ܚܣܡܝܢ
ḥsmyn
khsmyn
muzzle, envy[pl] Galatians 4:17 Galatians 4:17
ܒܚܣܡܐ
bḥsmʾ
bkhsm'
in-muzzle, envy Romans 13:13
ܘܚܣܡܘ
wḥsmw
wkhsmw
and-muzzle, envy[3pl] Peal Acts 17:5
ܕܚܣܡ
dḥsm
dkhsm
of-muzzle, envy Titus 2:14
ܘܒܚܣܡܐ
wbḥsmʾ
wbkhsm'
and.in-muzzle, envy Titus 3:3
ܘܚܣܡܝܢ
wḥsmyn
wkhsmyn
and-muzzle, envy[pl] Galatians 5:26
Hebrew Cognates
Word Transliteration Meaning
חָסַם khasam to muzzle, to obstruct
חֲסֻם ḥăsum muzzle, snout
חִסְמָה ḥismá muzzle, gag
Arabic Cognates
Word Transliteration Meaning
حَسَمَ ḥasama to settle, to resolve
حَسَد ḥasad envy
حَسُوم ḥaṣūm stubborn, inflexible
حَسِيم ḥaṣīm envied, envious