Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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five

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܚܡܫܐ	ḥmšʾ khmsh'	five	Matthew 14:19 Matthew 14:21 Matthew 16:9 Mark 6:38 Mark 6:41 Mark 6:44 Mark 8:19 Luke 1:24 Luke 9:13 Luke 9:14 Luke 9:16 Luke 12:52 Luke 14:19 Luke 16:28 Luke 19:18 Luke 19:19 John 4:18 John 5:2 John 6:10 John 6:13 ... +3
ܚܡܫ	ḥmš khmsh	five	Matthew 14:17 Matthew 25:2 Matthew 25:15 Matthew 25:16 Matthew 25:16 Matthew 25:20 Matthew 25:20 Matthew 25:20 Matthew 25:20 Luke 12:6 John 6:9 Acts 19:19 2 Corinthians 11:24
ܚܡܫܝܢ	ḥmšyn khmshyn	five[pl]	Mark 6:40 Luke 7:41 Luke 9:14 Luke 16:6 John 8:57
ܘܚܡܫ	wḥmš wkhmsh	and-five	Matthew 25:2 Acts 7:14
ܘܚܡܫܝܢ	wḥmšyn wkhmshyn	and-five[pl]	John 21:11 Acts 13:20
ܕܚܡܫܐ	dḥmšʾ dkhmsh'	of-five	Matthew 16:9
ܘܚܡܫܐ	wḥmšʾ wkhmsh'	and-five	John 6:19
ܕܚܡܫ	dḥmš dkhmsh	of-five	1 Corinthians 14:19
ܠܚܡܫܐ	lḥmšʾ lkhmsh'	to-five	Mark 8:19
ܘܕܚܡܫܝܢ	wdḥmšyn wdkhmshyn	and.of-five[pl]	Mark 6:40

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
חָמֵשׁ	khamesh	five
חֲמִישִׁי	khamishi	fifth
חֻמָּשׁ	khumash	Pentateuch
חוֹמֶר	khomer	material, substance
חוֹמָה	khoma	wall, rampart

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
خَمْسَة	khamsa	five
خَمِيس	khamīs	Thursday (fifth day)
خَمَسَ	khamasa	to divide into five parts
خَمِيسَة	khamīsa	one-fifth
مُخَمَّس	mukhammās	pentagonal in shape