Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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dream

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܚܠܝܡܐ	ḥlymʾ khlym'	dream	Matthew 9:12 Mark 2:17 Mark 5:34 John 5:11 1 Timothy 1:10 2 Timothy 4:3 Titus 1:9 Titus 2:1
ܚܠܝܡ	ḥlym khlym	dream	Luke 7:10 Luke 15:27 John 5:14 Acts 4:10 Acts 23:30
ܒܚܠܡܐ	bḥlmʾ bkhlm'	in-dream	Matthew 1:20 Matthew 2:12 Matthew 2:13 Matthew 2:19 Matthew 2:22
ܚܠܝܡܬܐ	ḥlymtʾ khlymth'	dream	1 Timothy 6:3 2 Timothy 1:13 Titus 2:7
ܚܠܝܡܝܢ	ḥlymyn khlymyn	dream	Titus 1:13 Titus 2:2
ܐܬܚܠܡ	ʾtḥlm 'thkhlm	[pass]dream Ethpeel	John 4:52 John 5:9
ܘܡܬܚܠܡܝܢ	wmtḥlmyn wmthkhlmyn	and.from-[impf]dream[pl]	Acts 5:16
ܕܡܬܚܠܡܝܢ	dmtḥlmyn dmthkhlmyn	that.from-[impf]dream[pl]	Matthew 15:31
ܚܠܡܐ	ḥlmʾ khlm'	dream	Acts 2:17
ܕܐܚܠܡܗ	dʾḥlmh d'khlmh	of-[impf]dream-his Aphel	John 5:15
ܡܚܠܡܐ	mḥlmʾ mkhlm'	[ptcp]dream	James 5:15
ܒܚܠܡܝ	bḥlmy bkhlmy	in-dream-my	Matthew 27:19
ܐܚܠܡܬ	ʾḥlmt 'khlmth	[impf]dream[perf] Aphel	John 7:23
ܚܠܝܡܘܬܐ	ḥlymwtʾ khlymwth'	dream	Acts 3:16
ܠܚܠܝܡܐ	lḥlymʾ lkhlym'	dream	Luke 5:31
ܘܐܚܠܡܗ	wʾḥlmh w'khlmh	and-[impf]dream-his Aphel	Acts 28:8

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
חָלַם	khalam	to dream
חֲלוֹם	khalom	dream
חוֹלֵם	kholem	dreamer
חֲלוֹם	ḥălôm	dream

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
حَلَمَ	halama	to dream
حُلْم	hulm	dream
حِلْم	hilm	patience/clemency
حَلِيم	ḥalīm	patient, clement
حُلُم	ḥulum	dream
تَحَلُّم	taḥallum	to dream, have dreams