Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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Search Syriac roots by their English meaning. Find the Aramaic semantic field of a concept.

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rejoice, joy

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܚܕܝܢ	ḥdyn khdyn	rejoice, joy-them	Luke 19:37 John 14:28 Acts 5:41 Acts 13:48 Romans 12:12 1 Corinthians 7:30 2 Corinthians 7:13 1 Thessalonians 5:16
ܘܚܕܝܘ	wḥdyw wkhdyw	and-rejoice, joy[3pl] Peal	Luke 22:5 John 20:20 Acts 20:12 Hebrews 11:13
ܚܕܝܘ	ḥdyw khdyw	rejoice, joy[3pl] Peal	Matthew 2:10 Mark 14:11 Acts 15:31
ܚܕܝܢܢ	ḥdynn khdynn	rejoice, joy-we Peal	2 Corinthians 4:18 2 Corinthians 6:10 2 Corinthians 13:9
ܚܕܝܗ	ḥdyh khdyh	rejoice, joy-his	Luke 18:13 John 13:25 John 21:20
ܐܚܝܕܝܢܢ	ʾḥydynn 'khydynn	rejoice, joy	Romans 3:9 2 Corinthians 6:10
ܚܕܝ	ḥdy khdy	rejoice, joy Peal	Luke 23:8 Acts 11:23
ܐܚܘܕܝܗ	ʾḥwdyh 'khwdyh	rejoice, joy	Romans 14:22
ܐܚܕܝܘܗܝ	ʾḥdywhy 'khdywhy	[impf]rejoice, joy-her Aphel	Philemon 1:13
ܢܚܕܝܢܝ	nḥdyny nkhdyny	[impf]rejoice, joy-me	2 Corinthians 2:2
ܕܚܕܝܢܢ	dḥdynn dkhdynn	of-rejoice, joy-we Peal	1 Thessalonians 3:9
ܚܕܝܝܢ	ḥdyyn khdyyn	rejoice, joy[pl]	Luke 15:9
ܕܐܚܝܕܝܢܢ	dʾḥydynn d'khydynn	rejoice, joy	2 Corinthians 4:1
ܠܚܘܕܝܗ	lḥwdyh lkhwdyh	rejoice, joy	John 8:9
ܚܕܝܗܘܢ	ḥdyhwn khdyhwn	rejoice, joy-their	Luke 23:48

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
חֶדְוָה	khedvah	joy, gladness
חִדוּש	ḥiduš	novelty, innovation
חָדֵר	ḥāder	room, chamber
חָדָה	ḥādāh	sharp, pointed

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
حَادّ	ḥādd	sharp, intense
حُدَى	ḥudā	joy, gladness
حَدَاثَة	ḥadāṯa	novelty, modernity