ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܚܕܪ | ḥdr khdr |
surround Peal | Ezekiel 1:27 Ezekiel 6:5 Ezekiel 6:13 Ezekiel 32:22 Ezekiel 32:23 Ezekiel 32:24 Ezekiel 32:26 Ezekiel 34:26 Ezekiel 40:29 Ezekiel 40:33 Ezekiel 41:5 Ezekiel 41:6 Ezekiel 41:8 Ezekiel 41:12 Ezekiel 41:17 Ezekiel 41:19 Ezekiel 42:15 Ezekiel 42:17 Ezekiel 42:20 Ezekiel 43:13 ... +1 |
| ܕܚܕܝܪ̈ܝܢ | dḥdyryn dkhdyryn |
surround | Psalms 76:12 Ezekiel 5:7 Ezekiel 5:7 Ezekiel 5:14 Ezekiel 5:15 Ezekiel 28:24 Ezekiel 36:3 Ezekiel 36:4 Ezekiel 36:7 |
| ܚܕܪ̈ܢ | ḥdrn khdrn |
surround-them | Ezekiel 10:12 Ezekiel 40:16 Ezekiel 40:36 Ezekiel 41:10 Ezekiel 46:23 |
| ܚܕܪ̈ܝܢ | ḥdryn khdryn |
surround[pl] | Ezekiel 40:30 Ezekiel 41:16 Ezekiel 41:16 Ezekiel 43:12 Ezekiel 45:1 |
| ܕܚܕܪܝܢ | dḥdryn dkhdryn |
of-surround[pl] | Mark 6:36 Luke 9:12 Psalms 44:14 Psalms 79:4 |
| ܕܚܕܪ | dḥdr dkhdr |
of-surround | John 9:8 Ezekiel 43:17 Ezekiel 43:20 |
| ܘܐܚܕܪܗ | wʾḥdrh w'khdrh |
and-[impf]surround-his Aphel | Matthew 21:33 Mark 12:1 Isaiah 5:2 |
| ܘܚܕܪ | wḥdr wkhdr |
and-surround | Mark 10:46 Luke 18:35 John 9:8 |
| ܕܚܕܝܪܝܢ | dḥdyryn dkhdyryn |
surround | Matthew 8:18 Luke 21:20 Ezekiel 12:14 |
| ܕܚܕܪܝ | dḥdry dkhdry |
of-surround-my | Matthew 3:5 Luke 3:3 Acts 5:16 |
| ܚܕܪܘܗܝ | ḥdrwhy khdrwhy |
surround-her | Mark 3:32 Acts 9:39 Acts 25:7 |
| ܚ̇ܕܪܐ | ḥdrʾ khdr' |
surround | Ezekiel 4:2 Ezekiel 8:10 Ezekiel 45:2 |
| ܚܕܪ̈ܘܗܝ | ḥdrwhy khdrwhy |
surround-her | Psalms 97:2 Ezekiel 25:9 |
| ܚܕܪܝ | ḥdry khdry |
surround-my | Mark 1:16 Acts 27:13 |
| ܚܕܪܝܢ | ḥdryn khdryn |
surround[pl] | Ezekiel 27:11 Ezekiel 40:43 |
| ܘܚܕܪܘܗܝ | wḥdrwhy wkhdrwhy |
and-surround-her | John 10:24 Psalms 50:3 |
| ܕܚܕܝܪ̈ܢ | dḥdyrn dkhdyrn |
surround | Ezekiel 5:6 Ezekiel 16:57 |
| ܕܚܕܪ̈ܘܗܝ | dḥdrwhy dkhdrwhy |
of-surround-her | Psalms 89:8 Ezekiel 19:8 |
| ܚܕܪܬ | ḥdrt khdrth |
surround[perf] Peal | Ezekiel 31:4 |
| ܚܕܝܪܝܢ | ḥdyryn khdyryn |
surround | Hebrews 12:1 |
| ܘܚܕܝܪ̈ܝܢ | wḥdyryn wkhdyryn |
surround | Ezekiel 32:25 |
| ܕܚܕܪܬ | dḥdrt dkhdrth |
of-surround[perf] Peal | Isaiah 15:8 |
| ܚܕܪ̈ܝ | ḥdry khdry |
surround-my | Psalms 78:28 |
| ܘܠܡܚܕܪ | wlmḥdr wlmkhdr |
and.to-[ptcp]surround | Luke 16:3 |
| ܚܕܝܪ̈ܢ | ḥdyrn khdyrn |
surround | Ezekiel 5:5 |
| ܚܕܪܐ | ḥdrʾ khdr' |
surround | Ezekiel 40:17 |
| ܢܚܕܪܟ | nḥdrk nkhdrk |
[impf]surround-your | Psalms 91:4 |
| ܚܕܝܪܐ | ḥdyrʾ khdyr' |
surround | Psalms 34:8 |
| ܕܚܕܪ̈ܢܝ | dḥdrny dkhdrny |
of-surround-me Peal | Psalms 40:13 |
| ܚܕܘܪܐ | ḥdwrʾ khdwr' |
surround | Acts 3:10 |
| ܬܚܕܪܟ | tḥdrk thkhdrk |
[impf]surround-your | Psalms 7:8 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| חֶדֶר | kheder | room, chamber |
| חֹדֶר | ḥoder | room |
| חֲדָרָה | ḥadarah | envelope |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| حَدَرَ | ḥadara | to descend, to surround |
| حَادِر | ḥādir | surrounding |