Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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Search Syriac roots by their English meaning. Find the Aramaic semantic field of a concept.

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love

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܚܒܝܒܐ	ḥbybʾ khbyb'	love	Matthew 3:17 Matthew 17:5 Mark 1:11 Mark 9:7 Mark 12:6 Luke 3:22 Luke 9:35 Luke 20:13 Acts 10:24 1 Corinthians 4:14 1 Corinthians 4:17 Ephesians 5:1 Ephesians 6:21 Philippians 4:1 Colossians 1:7 Colossians 1:13 Colossians 4:7 2 Timothy 1:2 Philemon 1:1 Philemon 1:16 ... +3
ܚܒܝܒܝ	ḥbyby khbyby	love	Matthew 12:18 Romans 12:19 Romans 16:5 Romans 16:8 Romans 16:9 1 Corinthians 10:14 2 Corinthians 7:1 2 Corinthians 12:19 Philippians 2:12 Philippians 4:1 1 Peter 2:11 1 Peter 4:12 1 John 2:7 1 John 3:2 1 John 3:21 1 John 4:1 1 John 4:7 1 John 4:11
ܘܚܒܝܒܐ	wḥbybʾ wkhbyb'	love	Colossians 3:12 Colossians 4:9 1 Timothy 6:2
ܚܒܝܒܘܗܝ	ḥbybwhy khbybwhy	love	Romans 1:7 1 Thessalonians 1:4 2 Thessalonians 2:13
ܚܒܝܒܝܢ	ḥbybyn khbybyn	love	Acts 15:25 Romans 11:28
ܚܒܝܒܢ	ḥbybn khbybn	love	Colossians 4:14
ܕܡܚܒܒܐ	dmḥbbʾ dmkhbb'	that.from-love	1 Thessalonians 2:7
ܕܚܒܝܒܝܢ	dḥbybyn dkhbybyn	love	1 Thessalonians 2:8
ܕܚܒܘܒܐ	dḥbwbʾ dkhbwb'	love	Acts 28:3
ܘܚܒܝܒܝ	wḥbyby wkhbyby	love	1 Corinthians 15:58
ܚܒܝܒܗ	ḥbybh khbybh	love	Ephesians 1:6

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
חָבַב	khavav	to love, to cherish
חָבִיב	khaviv	dear, beloved

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
حَبَّ	ḥabba	to love
حَبِيب	ḥabib	beloved, dear
حُبّ	ḥubb	love
مَحْبُوب	maḥbūb	beloved, dear
أَحَبّ	aḥabba	to love