ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT

Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.

Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.

3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
auto_stories Method

Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Enter a root (dashes are added automatically). Show transliteration table

ܟܫܠ K-SH-L
stumble
Peshitta Occurrences
Form Transliteration Gloss References
ܡܟܫܠܐ
mkšlʾ
mkshl'
[ptcp]stumble Matthew 5:29 Matthew 5:30 Matthew 18:8 Matthew 18:9 Mark 9:43 Mark 9:45 Mark 9:47 John 6:61 1 Corinthians 8:13
ܡܟܫܘܠܐ
mkšwlʾ
mkshwl'
stumble Matthew 13:41 Matthew 18:7 Matthew 18:7 Matthew 18:7 Luke 17:1
ܕܢܟܫܠ
dnkšl
dnkshl
of-[impf]stumble Matthew 18:6 Mark 9:42 Luke 17:2
ܘܡܬܟܫܠܝܢ
wmtkšlyn
wmthkshlyn
and.from-[impf]stumble[pl] Matthew 13:57 Mark 6:3
ܕܟܫܠܐ
dkšlʾ
dkshl'
of-stumble 1 Peter 2:8
ܐܟܫܠ
ʾkšl
'kshl
[impf]stumble Aphel 1 Corinthians 8:13
ܕܡܟܫܘܠܐ
dmkšwlʾ
dmkshwl'
stumble Romans 9:33
ܢܟܫܠ
nkšl
nkshl
[impf]stumble Matthew 17:27
ܘܟܫܠܐ
wkšlʾ
wkshl'
and-stumble 1 John 2:10
ܐܬܟܫܠܘ
ʾtkšlw
'thkshlw
[pass]stumble[3pl] Ethpeel Matthew 15:12
ܟܫܠܗ
kšlh
kshlh
stumble-his Galatians 5:11
ܘܡܟܫܘܠܐ
wmkšwlʾ
wmkshwl'
stumble Romans 16:17
ܐܬܟܫܠ
ʾtkšl
'thkshl
[pass]stumble Ethpeel Matthew 26:33
Hebrew Cognates
Word Transliteration Meaning
כָּשַׁל kashal to stumble, to fall
מִכְשׁוֹל mikhshol stumbling block, obstacle
נִכְשָׁל nikh·shal to stumble
מִכְשׇׁל mikh·shal stumbling block, obstacle
Arabic Cognates
Word Transliteration Meaning
كَسِلَ kasila to be lazy
كَسْل kas·l laziness
كَسِيل ka·sil lazy