Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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ܦܐܪ P-A-R — fruit, produce

Semantic field: fruit, yield, result of labor

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܦܐܪ (par) carries the full arc from seed to consequence — fruit is not just what grows on a tree but the visible manifestation of an invisible process. Greek καρπός retains the metaphorica… Explore this root →

פְּרִי peri

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roll, Galilee

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܕܓܠܝܠܐ	dglylʾ dglyl'	of Galilee	Matthew 2:22 Matthew 4:18 Matthew 15:29 Matthew 21:11 Mark 1:9 Mark 1:16 Mark 1:28 Mark 6:21 Mark 7:31 Luke 2:4 Luke 4:31 Luke 4:44 Luke 5:17 Luke 23:6 John 2:1 John 2:11 John 4:46 John 6:1 John 12:21 John 21:2
ܠܓܠܝܠܐ	lglylʾ lglyl'	to Galilee	Matthew 4:12 Matthew 26:32 Matthew 28:7 Matthew 28:10 Matthew 28:16 Mark 1:14 Mark 14:28 Mark 16:7 Luke 1:26 Luke 2:39 Luke 4:14 Luke 17:11 John 1:43 John 4:3 John 4:43 John 4:45 John 4:47 John 4:54
ܓܠܝܠܐ	glylʾ glyl'	Galilee	Matthew 3:13 Matthew 4:15 Matthew 4:23 Matthew 4:25 Matthew 19:1 Matthew 27:55 Mark 1:39 Mark 3:7 Luke 8:26 Luke 23:5 Luke 23:49 Luke 23:55 John 7:41 John 7:52 John 7:52 Acts 10:37 Acts 13:31
ܒܓܠܝܠܐ	bglylʾ bglyl'	in Galilee	Matthew 17:22 Mark 9:30 Mark 15:41 Luke 3:1 Luke 24:6 John 7:1 John 7:9
ܓܠܠܐ	gllʾ gll'	roll, Galilee	Matthew 8:24 Matthew 14:24
ܘܒܓܠܝܠܐ	wbglylʾ wbglyl'	roll, Galilee	Acts 9:31
ܕܓܠܠܐ	dgllʾ dgll'	of-roll, Galilee	Acts 27:41
ܘܓܠܠܐ	wgllʾ wgll'	and-roll, Galilee	Mark 4:37
ܠܓܠܠܐ	lgllʾ lgll'	to-roll, Galilee	James 1:6

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
גָּלַל	galal	to roll
גָּלִיל	galil	Galilee/district
גֹּלְגֹּלֶת	golgolet	skull (Golgotha)
מְגִלָּה	megillah	scroll
ג֥וּל	gul	roll, to roll
גַּלְגַּל	galgal	wheel, sphere, circle
גַּלִּיל	gallil	cylinder, roller

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
جَلَّ	jalla	to be great/majestic
إِجْلَال	ijlal	veneration
جَوْلَة	jawlah	tour, round, turn
جُلَّة	jullah	ball, sphere
جَلَال	jalāl	greatness, majesty
جَلِيل	jalīl	magnificent, illustrious