ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܘܒܥܝܪܐ | wbʿyrʾ wbeyr' |
and.in-watch, awake | Psalms 36:7 Psalms 50:10 Psalms 73:22 Ezekiel 14:13 Ezekiel 14:17 Ezekiel 14:19 Ezekiel 14:21 Ezekiel 25:13 Ezekiel 29:8 Ezekiel 36:11 |
| ܥܝܪܝܢ | ʿyryn eyryn |
watch, awake[pl] | Mark 13:37 Luke 12:37 Acts 20:31 Colossians 4:2 1 Thessalonians 5:6 1 Thessalonians 5:8 Titus 2:2 |
| ܒܥܝܪܐ | bʿyrʾ beyr' |
in-watch, awake | Acts 23:24 Psalms 148:10 Proverbs 30:30 Proverbs 30:30 Isaiah 63:14 Ezekiel 38:12 Ezekiel 38:13 |
| ܕܒܥܝܪܐ | dbʿyrʾ dbeyr' |
that.in-watch, awake | 1 Corinthians 15:39 Isaiah 30:6 Ezekiel 27:20 Ezekiel 29:11 Ezekiel 32:13 |
| ܥܘܝܪܐ | ʿwyrʾ ewyr' |
watch, awake | Matthew 23:26 Isaiah 42:19 Isaiah 42:19 Isaiah 43:8 |
| ܡܥܝܪ | mʿyr meyr |
[ptcp]watch, awake | Psalms 78:38 Proverbs 21:14 Isaiah 13:17 Ezekiel 23:22 |
| ܥܘܝܪ̈ܐ | ʿwyrʾ ewyr' |
watch, awake | Psalms 146:8 Isaiah 42:16 Isaiah 56:10 Isaiah 59:10 |
| ܥܝܪ | ʿyr eyr |
watch, awake Peal | Mark 13:34 Luke 3:28 1 Timothy 3:11 2 Timothy 4:5 |
| ܕܥܘܝܪ̈ܐ | dʿwyrʾ dewyr' |
watch, awake | Isaiah 29:18 Isaiah 35:5 Isaiah 42:7 |
| ܐܥܝܪ | ʾʿyr 'eyr |
[impf]watch, awake Aphel | Isaiah 41:2 Isaiah 50:4 |
| ܘܥܘܝܪܐ | wʿwyrʾ wewyr' |
watch, awake | Matthew 23:19 Isaiah 42:19 |
| ܐܥܝܪܘܗܝ | ʾʿyrwhy 'eyrwhy |
[impf]watch, awake-her Aphel | Matthew 8:25 Luke 8:24 |
| ܘܠܥܘܝܪܐ | wlʿwyrʾ wlewyr' |
watch, awake | Luke 4:18 Luke 14:21 |
| ܘܥܘܝܪ̈ܐ | wʿwyrʾ wewyr' |
watch, awake | Isaiah 42:18 |
| ܕܬܥܝܪ | dtʿyr dtheyr |
of-[impf]watch, awake | 2 Timothy 1:6 |
| ܘܒܥܝܪܗܘܢ | wbʿyrhwn wbeyrhwn |
and.in-watch, awake-their | Psalms 107:38 |
| ܐܥܝܪܘ | ʾʿyrw 'eyrw |
[impf]watch, awake[3pl] Aphel | 1 Corinthians 15:34 |
| ܡܥܝܪܐ | mʿyrʾ meyr' |
[ptcp]watch, awake | Proverbs 15:1 |
| ܘܢܥܝܪ | wnʿyr wneyr |
and-[impf]watch, awake | Isaiah 10:26 |
| ܐܥܝ̇ܪܬ | ʾʿyrt 'eyrth |
[impf]watch, awake[perf] Aphel | Isaiah 41:25 |
| ܒܥܝܪܗܘܢ | bʿyrhwn beyrhwn |
in-watch, awake-their | Psalms 78:48 |
| ܘܡܥܝܪ | wmʿyr wmeyr |
and.from-watch, awake | Acts 24:5 |
| ܕܒܥܝܪܟܘܢ | dbʿyrkwn dbeyrkwn |
that.in-watch, awake-your(pl) | Isaiah 30:23 |
| ܐܥܝܪܬ | ʾʿyrt 'eyrth |
[impf]watch, awake[perf] Aphel | Isaiah 14:9 |
| ܘܥܘܝܪ | wʿwyr wewyr |
watch, awake | Matthew 12:22 |
| ܕܥܝܪ | dʿyr deyr |
of-watch, awake | 1 Timothy 3:2 |
| ܐܥܝ̇ܪܬܗ | ʾʿyrth 'eyrthh |
[impf]watch, awake-his Aphel | Isaiah 45:13 |
| ܕܥܘܝܪܐ | dʿwyrʾ dewyr' |
watch, awake | Romans 2:19 |
| ܕܒܥܝܪܗ | dbʿyrh dbeyrh |
that.in-watch, awake-his | Proverbs 12:10 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| עֵר | er | awake, alert |
| עוּר | ur | to awake |
| עֵירָה | 'īrâ | vigilance, attention |
| עִיר | 'īr | city |
| עֻירִיִּים | 'ûriyyîm | awake, alert |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| عَيْر | ʿayr | donkey |
| إِيقَاظ | īqāẓ | waking up |
| عَائِر | ʿāʾir | watchful, alert |
| عَيَّر | ʿayyara | to reproach, criticize |