Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

auto_stories Method

Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

auto_stories Read more →

auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

Visualize this root →

Enter a root (dashes are added automatically). Show transliteration table

Enter in native script or transliteration

Search Syriac roots by their English meaning. Find the Aramaic semantic field of a concept.

Find verses where two roots appear together. Use transliterated roots (e.g. M-L-K, SH-L-M).

Search words or phrases in translations. Also accepts Syriac text.

list Browse all roots menu_book Read the Peshitta

watch, awake

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܥܝܪܝܢ	ʿyryn eyryn	watch, awake[pl]	Mark 13:37 Luke 12:37 Acts 20:31 Colossians 4:2 1 Thessalonians 5:6 1 Thessalonians 5:8 Titus 2:2
ܥܝܪ	ʿyr eyr	watch, awake Peal	Mark 13:34 Luke 3:28 1 Timothy 3:11 2 Timothy 4:5
ܐܥܝܪܘܗܝ	ʾʿyrwhy 'eyrwhy	[impf]watch, awake-her Aphel	Matthew 8:25 Luke 8:24
ܘܠܥܘܝܪܐ	wlʿwyrʾ wlewyr'	watch, awake	Luke 4:18 Luke 14:21
ܕܥܝܪ	dʿyr deyr	of-watch, awake	1 Timothy 3:2
ܕܬܥܝܪ	dtʿyr dtheyr	of-[impf]watch, awake	2 Timothy 1:6
ܕܥܘܝܪܐ	dʿwyrʾ dewyr'	watch, awake	Romans 2:19
ܘܥܘܝܪ	wʿwyr wewyr	watch, awake	Matthew 12:22
ܒܥܝܪܐ	bʿyrʾ beyr'	in-watch, awake	Acts 23:24
ܐܥܝܪܘ	ʾʿyrw 'eyrw	[impf]watch, awake[3pl] Aphel	1 Corinthians 15:34
ܕܒܥܝܪܐ	dbʿyrʾ dbeyr'	that.in-watch, awake	1 Corinthians 15:39
ܥܘܝܪܐ	ʿwyrʾ ewyr'	watch, awake	Matthew 23:26
ܘܡܥܝܪ	wmʿyr wmeyr	and.from-watch, awake	Acts 24:5
ܘܥܘܝܪܐ	wʿwyrʾ wewyr'	watch, awake	Matthew 23:19

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
עֵר	er	awake, alert
עוּר	ur	to awake
עֵירָה	'īrâ	vigilance, attention
עִיר	'īr	city
עֻירִיִּים	'ûriyyîm	awake, alert

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
عَيْر	ʿayr	donkey
إِيقَاظ	īqāẓ	waking up
عَائِر	ʿāʾir	watchful, alert
عَيَّر	ʿayyara	to reproach, criticize