Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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Search Syriac roots by their English meaning. Find the Aramaic semantic field of a concept.

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rich

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܥܬܝܪܐ	ʿtyrʾ ethyr'	rich	Matthew 19:24 Matthew 27:57 Mark 10:25 Mark 12:41 Luke 6:24 Luke 12:16 Luke 14:12 Luke 16:1 Luke 16:19 Luke 16:20 Luke 16:21 Luke 16:22 Luke 18:25 Luke 19:2 Acts 9:36 2 Corinthians 8:9 James 1:11 James 2:5 James 2:6 James 5:1
ܥܘܬܪܐ	ʿwtrʾ ewthr'	rich	Romans 2:4 Romans 11:12 Romans 11:12 Ephesians 1:7 Ephesians 1:18 Ephesians 3:16 Colossians 1:27 Colossians 2:2 1 Timothy 6:17 Hebrews 11:26
ܕܥܘܬܪܐ	dʿwtrʾ dewthr'	rich	Matthew 13:22 Mark 4:19 Romans 11:33 Ephesians 2:7
ܘܥܬܝܪܐ	wʿtyrʾ wethyr'	rich	Luke 1:53 James 1:10
ܕܥܬܝܪ	dʿtyr dethyr	rich	Romans 10:12 Ephesians 2:4
ܠܥܬܝܪܐ	lʿtyrʾ lethyr'	rich	Matthew 19:23 1 Timothy 6:17
ܥܘܬܪܗ	ʿwtrh ewthrh	rich	Ephesians 3:8 Philippians 4:19
ܥܬܝܪ	ʿtyr ethyr	rich	Luke 12:21 Luke 18:23
ܥܬܝܪܬܐ	ʿtyrtʾ ethyrth'	rich	Acts 13:50 Acts 15:32
ܥܬܪܬܘܢ	ʿtrtwn ethrthwn	rich-you(pl) Peal	1 Corinthians 1:5
ܘܥܬܪܬܘܢ	wʿtrtwn wethrthwn	and-rich-you(pl) Peal	1 Corinthians 4:8
ܠܡܥܬܪ	lmʿtr lmethr	so.that-rich	1 Timothy 6:9
ܘܒܥܘܬܪܐ	wbʿwtrʾ wbewthr'	rich	Luke 8:14
ܒܥܘܬܪܐ	bʿwtrʾ bewthr'	rich	2 Corinthians 8:2
ܒܥܬܝܪܐ	bʿtyrʾ bethyr'	rich	Luke 21:1
ܥܘܬܪܟܘܢ	ʿwtrkwn ewthrkwn	rich	James 5:2

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
עָשַׁר	ashar	to be rich
עִתֵּר	'ittér	to enrich, make rich
עָשִׁיר	'ashír	rich, wealthy
עֹשֶׁר	'óshér	wealth, prosperity

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
عَثَرَ	'athará	to stumble, fall
عِثَارَة	'ithārah	obstacle, stumbling block
مُعْتَثِر	mu'tathir	one who stumbles, falls