Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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mix, pledge, west

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܥܪܒܐ	ʿrbʾ erb'	mix, pledge, west	Matthew 9:36 Matthew 10:6 Matthew 12:11 Matthew 12:12 Matthew 15:24 Matthew 25:32 Matthew 25:33 Matthew 26:31 John 10:12 John 10:16 John 10:27 Acts 17:9 Hebrews 7:22 1 Peter 2:25
ܡܥܪܒܐ	mʿrbʾ merb'	[ptcp]mix, pledge, west	Matthew 8:11 Luke 12:54 Luke 13:29
ܥܪܒܝ	ʿrby erby	mix, pledge, west-my	Luke 15:6 John 10:26 John 21:16
ܥܪܒܝܢ	ʿrbyn erbyn	mix, pledge, west[pl]	Matthew 18:12 Luke 15:4
ܥܪܘܒܬܐ	ʿrwbtʾ erwbth'	mix, pledge, west	Matthew 27:62 Luke 23:54
ܕܥܪܘܒܬܐ	dʿrwbtʾ derwbth'	mix, pledge, west	Mark 15:42 John 19:31
ܘܥܪܒܘܗܝ	wʿrbwhy werbwhy	and-mix, pledge, west-her	John 10:3 John 10:4
ܘܥܪܘܒܬܐ	wʿrwbtʾ werwbth'	mix, pledge, west	John 19:14
ܠܡܥܪܒܐ	lmʿrbʾ lmerb'	so.that-mix, pledge, west	Matthew 24:27
ܢܥܪܒ	nʿrb nerb	[impf]mix, pledge, west	Ephesians 4:26
ܘܥܪܒܐ	wʿrbʾ werb'	and-mix, pledge, west	John 2:14
ܘܠܥܪܒܐ	wlʿrbʾ wlerb'	and.to-mix, pledge, west	John 2:15
ܠܥܪܒܐ	lʿrbʾ lerb'	to-mix, pledge, west	Mark 6:34
ܒܡܥܪܒܝ	bmʿrby bmerby	in-[ptcp]mix, pledge, west-my	Mark 1:32
ܕܢܥܪܘܒܟܘܢ	dnʿrwbkwn dnerwbkwn	mix, pledge, west	Luke 22:31
ܡܥܪܒܝ	mʿrby merby	[ptcp]mix, pledge, west-my	Luke 4:40

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
מַעֲרָב	maarav	west
עָרַב	ʿaráv	to mix, pledge
מַעֲרָב	maʿarát	west
עֶרֶב	ʿérev	mixture, pledge

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
غَرْب	gharb	west
غَرَبَ	ḡarába	to set (the sun), go west
مَغْرِب	maḡrib	west, sunset
غَرِيب	ḡaríb	foreigner, strange