ARAMAIC NEW TESTAMENT
Every word is a root, and every root is a constellation.
Explore the Peshitta — the Syriac New Testament — through its triliteral Aramaic roots. Hebrew and Arabic cognates, interlinear reader, and a living map of how each root hardened into Greek.
3,329
Root patterns
165,527
Word forms
3,459
Cognates
589
Semantic bridges
Read the Peshitta — the 4th–5th century Syriac translation of the New Testament — with transliteration and modern translation side by side. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the settings menu settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.
Read Luke 1:28 →Peshitta Occurrences
| Form | Transliteration | Gloss | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ܕܚܠܬܐ | dḥltʾ dkhlth' |
fear[fem] | Mark 4:41 Mark 11:32 Luke 1:65 Luke 2:9 Luke 5:26 Luke 7:16 Luke 21:11 Luke 21:26 John 7:13 John 19:38 John 20:19 Acts 2:43 Acts 5:5 Acts 5:11 Acts 19:17 Acts 24:25 Romans 13:3 Romans 13:7 2 Corinthians 7:5 Hebrews 5:8 ... +11 |
| ܕܚܠ | dḥl dkhl |
fear Peal | Matthew 2:22 Matthew 14:30 Mark 6:20 Luke 18:2 Luke 18:4 Luke 23:40 John 19:8 Acts 23:10 Romans 11:20 Romans 13:4 2 Corinthians 11:3 2 Corinthians 12:20 Galatians 4:11 Hebrews 11:7 Hebrews 11:27 Psalms 27:3 Psalms 49:6 Psalms 112:8 Psalms 119:161 Proverbs 3:7 ... +4 |
| ܬܕܚܠ | tdḥl thdkhl |
[impf]fear | Matthew 1:20 Mark 5:36 Luke 1:13 Luke 5:10 Luke 8:50 Luke 12:32 Acts 18:9 Acts 27:24 Romans 13:3 Psalms 49:17 Psalms 91:5 Proverbs 3:24 Proverbs 3:25 Isaiah 7:4 Isaiah 10:24 Isaiah 37:6 Isaiah 41:10 Isaiah 41:13 Isaiah 43:1 Isaiah 43:5 ... +4 |
| ܕܚܠܬܗ | dḥlth dkhlthh |
fear-his | Matthew 28:4 2 Corinthians 5:11 Psalms 19:10 Psalms 34:12 Psalms 36:2 Psalms 91:5 Psalms 111:10 Proverbs 1:7 Proverbs 2:5 Proverbs 8:13 Proverbs 9:10 Proverbs 10:27 Proverbs 14:26 Proverbs 14:27 Proverbs 15:33 Proverbs 19:23 Proverbs 22:4 Isaiah 2:10 Isaiah 2:19 Isaiah 2:21 ... +3 |
| ܘܕܚܠܘ | wdḥlw wdkhlw |
and-fear[3pl] Peal | Matthew 17:6 Matthew 21:46 Mark 4:41 Mark 5:15 Mark 6:50 Mark 12:12 Luke 2:9 Luke 8:35 Luke 9:34 Luke 20:19 Romans 1:25 Psalms 22:24 Psalms 77:17 Psalms 106:36 Isaiah 41:5 |
| ܒܕܚܠܬܐ | bdḥltʾ bdkhlth' |
in fear | Matthew 28:8 Mark 9:6 Luke 22:44 Luke 24:5 Luke 24:37 1 Corinthians 2:3 2 Corinthians 7:1 Ephesians 6:5 Philippians 2:12 1 Peter 1:17 1 Peter 2:18 Psalms 2:11 Psalms 45:5 Ezekiel 12:19 |
| ܕܕܚܠ | ddḥl ddkhl |
of-fear | John 9:31 Acts 10:7 Acts 10:22 Acts 10:35 Acts 18:7 Galatians 2:12 1 John 4:18 Psalms 25:12 Psalms 112:1 Psalms 119:38 Psalms 128:1 Psalms 128:4 Proverbs 28:14 |
| ܕܚܠܘ | dḥlw dkhlw |
fear[3pl] Peal | Matthew 9:8 Matthew 10:28 Matthew 27:54 Luke 12:5 John 6:19 Acts 16:38 Hebrews 11:23 1 Peter 2:17 Psalms 14:5 Psalms 53:6 Psalms 55:20 Psalms 78:53 Isaiah 41:5 |
| ܕܚܠܬ | dḥlt dkhlth |
fear[perf] Peal | Luke 19:21 Colossians 3:5 1 Thessalonians 1:9 1 Timothy 2:2 1 Timothy 2:10 1 Timothy 6:5 1 Timothy 6:6 1 John 5:21 Psalms 119:120 Isaiah 10:29 |
| ܕܚ̈ܠܘܗܝ | dḥlwhy dkhlwhy |
fear-her | Psalms 22:24 Psalms 22:26 Psalms 25:14 Psalms 103:11 Psalms 103:13 Psalms 103:17 Psalms 115:11 Psalms 118:4 Psalms 135:20 Psalms 145:20 |
| ܕܚܠܝܢ | dḥlyn dkhlyn |
fear[pl] | Matthew 15:9 Matthew 21:26 Mark 7:7 Mark 11:18 Luke 22:2 Acts 5:26 Acts 9:26 Acts 17:23 Acts 18:13 Proverbs 31:21 |
| ܕܕܚܠܝܢ | ddḥlyn ddkhlyn |
of-fear[pl] | Luke 1:50 John 9:22 Acts 2:5 Acts 13:16 Acts 13:26 Acts 13:43 Acts 17:4 Acts 17:17 Acts 27:17 Psalms 86:11 |
| ܐܕܚܠ | ʾdḥl 'dkhl |
[impf]fear Aphel | Hebrews 13:6 Psalms 3:7 Psalms 23:4 Psalms 56:4 Psalms 56:5 Psalms 56:12 Psalms 118:6 |
| ܘܕܚܠܬܐ | wdḥltʾ wdkhlth' |
and-fear[fem] | Luke 1:12 2 Corinthians 7:11 Psalms 31:12 Psalms 90:11 Proverbs 1:3 Proverbs 17:12 |
| ܬܕܚܠܝܢ | tdḥlyn thdkhlyn |
[impf]fear[pl] | Luke 1:30 John 12:15 Isaiah 40:9 Isaiah 41:14 Isaiah 54:4 Isaiah 54:14 |
| ܕܕܚܠܬܐ | ddḥltʾ ddkhlth' |
of-fear[fem] | Luke 8:37 Romans 13:7 2 Timothy 1:7 1 John 4:18 Isaiah 24:18 |
| ܕܚܠܐ | dḥlʾ dkhl' |
fear | Luke 1:74 1 Corinthians 16:10 Ephesians 5:33 Philippians 1:14 1 Peter 3:6 |
| ܠܕܚ̈ܠܘܗܝ | ldḥlwhy ldkhlwhy |
to-fear-her | Psalms 34:8 Psalms 85:10 Psalms 111:5 Psalms 115:13 |
| ܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ | dḥltʾ dkhlth' |
fear[fem] | Psalms 31:7 Ezekiel 8:10 Ezekiel 20:8 Ezekiel 30:13 |
| ܢܕܚܠ | ndḥl ndkhl |
[impf]fear | John 14:27 Hebrews 4:1 Psalms 112:7 Isaiah 28:16 |
| ܘܕܚܠ | wdḥl wdkhl |
and-fear | Matthew 14:5 Acts 10:2 Acts 10:4 Acts 22:29 |
| ܘܕܚܠܬ | wdḥlt wdkhlth |
and-fear[perf] Peal | Matthew 25:25 Colossians 2:23 Psalms 76:9 |
| ܘܕܚܠܬܗ | wdḥlth wdkhlthh |
and-fear-his | Romans 3:18 Proverbs 1:29 Proverbs 16:6 |
| ܬܕܚܠܢ | tdḥln thdkhln |
[impf]fear-them | Matthew 28:5 Matthew 28:10 Mark 16:6 |
| ܒܕܚܠܬ | bdḥlt bdkhlth |
in-fear[perf] Peal | Acts 9:31 Acts 17:22 2 Timothy 3:12 |
| ܕܒܕܚܠܬܐ | dbdḥltʾ dbdkhlth' |
that.in-fear[fem] | 2 Corinthians 7:15 Hebrews 2:15 1 Peter 3:2 |
| ܘܒܕܚܠܬܐ | wbdḥltʾ wbdkhlth' |
and.in-fear[fem] | Hebrews 12:28 1 Peter 3:15 Ezekiel 12:18 |
| ܠܕܚܠܬܐ | ldḥltʾ ldkhlth' |
to-fear[fem] | Romans 8:15 1 John 4:18 |
| ܒܕܚܠܬܗ | bdḥlth bdkhlthh |
in-fear-his | Proverbs 23:17 Isaiah 11:3 |
| ܕܕܚܠܐ | ddḥlʾ ddkhl' |
of-fear | Acts 16:14 Proverbs 31:30 |
| ܘܒܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ | wbdḥltʾ wbdkhlth' |
and.in-fear[fem] | Isaiah 17:8 Ezekiel 20:7 |
| ܕܕܚܠܬ | ddḥlt ddkhlth |
of-fear[perf] Peal | 1 Timothy 6:3 2 Timothy 3:5 |
| ܘܕܚܠܝܢ | wdḥlyn wdkhlyn |
and-fear[pl] | Mark 9:32 Luke 9:45 |
| ܕܕܚ̇ܠ | ddḥl ddkhl |
of-fear | Isaiah 50:10 |
| ܕܕܚ̈ܠܘܗܝ | ddḥlwhy ddkhlwhy |
of-fear-her | Psalms 145:19 |
| ܘܕܕܚܠܬܗ | wddḥlth wddkhlthh |
and.of-fear-his | Isaiah 11:2 |
| ܘܠܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ | wldḥltʾ wldkhlth' |
and.to-fear[fem] | Ezekiel 18:6 |
| ܒܕܚ̈ܠܘܗܝ | bdḥlwhy bdkhlwhy |
in-fear-her | Psalms 147:11 |
| ܕܚ̇ܠ | dḥl dkhl |
fear Peal | Isaiah 31:4 |
| ܠܕܚܠܐ | ldḥlʾ ldkhl' |
to-fear | Psalms 81:10 |
| ܘܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ | wdḥltʾ wdkhlth' |
and-fear[fem] | Isaiah 27:9 |
| ܕܚܠܬܘܢ | dḥltwn dkhlthwn |
fear-you(pl) Peal | Ezekiel 11:8 |
| ܕܕܚܠܢ | ddḥln ddkhln |
of-fear-them | Acts 13:50 |
| ܠܕܚ̈ܠܝ | ldḥly ldkhly |
to-fear-my | Psalms 61:6 |
| ܕܒܕܚܠܬ | dbdḥlt dbdkhlth |
that.in-fear[perf] Peal | Titus 1:1 |
| ܘܒܕܚܠܬܗ | wbdḥlth wbdkhlthh |
and.in-fear-his | Colossians 3:22 |
| ܕܕܚܝܠ | ddḥyl ddkhyl |
fear | Hebrews 12:21 |
| ܘܢܕܚܠ | wndḥl wndkhl |
and-[impf]fear | Isaiah 19:16 |
| ܘܕܚ̈ܠܝܢ | wdḥlyn wdkhlyn |
and-fear[pl] | Proverbs 16:21 |
| ܘܕܕܚܠ | wddḥl wddkhl |
and.of-fear | Proverbs 13:13 |
| ܡܕܚܠ | mdḥl mdkhl |
[ptcp]fear | 2 Corinthians 10:9 |
| ܕܕܚ̈ܠܬܗ | ddḥlth ddkhlthh |
of-fear-his | Ezekiel 14:4 |
| ܘܒܕܚܠܬ | wbdḥlt wbdkhlth |
and.in-fear[perf] Peal | Titus 2:12 |
| ܐܕܚܠ. | ʾdḥl 'dkhl |
[impf]fear Aphel | Psalms 27:1 |
| ܠܕܚܝܠܐ | ldḥylʾ ldkhyl' |
fear | Psalms 76:12 |
| ܕܡܕܚܠܝܢ | dmdḥlyn dmdkhlyn |
that.from-fear[pl] | 1 Peter 3:14 |
| ܕܡܕܚܠܘ | dmdḥlw dmdkhlw |
that.from-fear[3pl] Peal | 2 Corinthians 10:9 |
| ܘܠܕܚ̈ܠܘܗܝ | wldḥlwhy wldkhlwhy |
and.to-fear-her | Psalms 15:4 |
| ܠܡܕܚܠ | lmdḥl lmdkhl |
so.that-fear | Proverbs 15:16 |
| ܘܕܚܠܐ | wdḥlʾ wdkhl' |
and-fear | 2 Thessalonians 2:4 |
| ܠܕܚܠܬ | ldḥlt ldkhlth |
to-fear[perf] Peal | Titus 2:3 |
Hebrew Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| דָּחַל | dakhal | to fear (biblical Aramaic) |
Arabic Cognates
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| دَخَلَ | dakhala | to enter |
| دُخُول | dukhul | entrance |
| خَائِف | khā'if | fearful |
| خَوْف | khawf | fear |