Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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auto_awesome Root of the day

ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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pleasant, sweet, spice

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܒܣܡܐ	bsmʾ bsm'	pleasant, sweet, spice	Matthew 26:12 Mark 14:4 Luke 1:9 Luke 7:38 Hebrews 9:4
ܒܒܣܝܡܘܬܐ	bbsymwtʾ bbsymwth'	pleasant, sweet, spice	Romans 11:22 2 Corinthians 6:6
ܘܡܬܒܣܡܝܢ	wmtbsmyn wmthbsmyn	and.from-[impf]pleasant, sweet, spice[pl]	Acts 7:41
ܠܡܬܒܣܡܘ	lmtbsmw lmthbsmw	so.that-[impf]pleasant, sweet, spice[3pl]	Luke 15:24
ܒܒܣܡܐ	bbsmʾ bbsm'	in-pleasant, sweet, spice	John 11:2
ܕܐܬܒܣܡ	dʾtbsm d'thbsm	of-[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice Ethpeel	Luke 15:29
ܐܬܒܣܡܘ	ʾtbsmw 'thbsmw	[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice[3pl] Ethpeel	Romans 15:10
ܐܬܒܣܡܝ	ʾtbsmy 'thbsmy	[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice-my Ethpeel	Luke 12:19
ܐܬܒܣܡܬ	ʾtbsmt 'thbsmth	[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice[perf] Ethpeel	Romans 15:24
ܘܒܒܣܡܐ	wbbsmʾ wbbsm'	and.in-pleasant, sweet, spice	John 19:40
ܒܣܡܬ	bsmt bsmth	pleasant, sweet, spice[perf] Peal	Mark 14:8
ܐܬܒܣܡ	ʾtbsm 'thbsm	[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice Ethpeel	Acts 2:26
ܒܣܡܬܘܢ	bsmtwn bsmthwn	pleasant, sweet, spice-you(pl) Peal	James 5:5
ܠܡܒܣܡ	lmbsm lmbsm	so.that-pleasant, sweet, spice	Luke 15:32
ܕܐܬܒܣܡܝ	dʾtbsmy d'thbsmy	of-[pass]pleasant, sweet, spice-my Ethpeel	Galatians 4:27

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
בֹּשֶׂם	bosem	balsam, spice
בָּשָׂם	basam	perfume

Arabic Cognates

No Arabic cognates available for this root.