Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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earth, land

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܐܪܥܗ	ʾrʿh 'reh	earth, land-his	Luke 12:16 Acts 10:25 Hebrews 7:1 Hebrews 7:10
ܐܪܥܘܗܝ	ʾrʿwhy 'rewhy	earth, land-her	Matthew 8:28 Luke 17:12 John 4:51
ܘܐܪܥܗ	wʾrʿh w'reh	and-earth, land-his	Acts 8:27
ܐܪܥܘ	ʾrʿw 'rew	earth, land[3pl] Peal	Luke 3:35
ܠܡܐܪܥ	lmʾrʿ lm're	so.that-earth, land	Luke 14:31
ܕܐܪܥܬܗ	dʾrʿth d'rethh	of-earth, land-his	John 11:30
ܐܪܥܬܐ	ʾrʿtʾ 'reth'	earth, land[fem]	John 4:35
ܐܪܥܟ	ʾrʿk 'rek	earth, land-your	Acts 7:3
ܐܪܥܗܘܢ	ʾrʿhwn 'rehwn	earth, land-their	Acts 13:19
ܕܐܪܥܗ	dʾrʿh d'reh	of-earth, land-his	James 5:7
ܐܪܥ	ʾrʿ 're	earth, land Peal	Acts 20:22

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
אֶרֶץ	eretz	earth/land
אַרְצוֹת	artzot	lands/countries
אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל	Eretz Yisrael	Land of Israel
אֲרָצִי	aratzí	terrestrial, earthly
אֲרָצָה	aratzá	towards the ground, earthward
אַרְקָא	arká	ground, surface of the earth

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
أَرْض	ard	earth/land
أَرَاضٍ	aradin	lands
أَرْضِيّ	ardi	terrestrial
أُرْضِيّ	urdiyy	terrestrial, earthly
مَأْرَضَة	ma'radah	place of the earth, plot of land
أَرْضِيَّة	ardíyyah	ground floor, first floor