Peshitta Constellations

Explore the New Testament from its Aramaic roots

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Read the New Testament in its original Aramaic with transliteration and translation. Click any underlined word to discover its triliteral root. Use the ⚙️ settings to choose your preferred translation language and script.

Read Luke 1:28 →

Every triliteral root connects Aramaic to its sister languages. Search a root and explore its Hebrew and Arabic cognates, then visualize the full Semitic family as an interactive graph. The Root Card shows the semantic field, a key verse, and sister roots — roots sharing 2 of 3 consonants (e.g., SH-L-M ↔ SH-L-KH).

Explore ܫܘܚ R-W-KH → | Visualize R-W-KH →

Select a verse and watch how all its roots form a constellation of interconnected meanings. From the reader, click the scatter_plot icon next to the verse number.

scatter_plot The Annunciation — Luke 1:28 →

Semitic languages don't define: they radiate. Every word grows from a triliteral root that opens a force field. Discover the method of Semitic exegesis behind this application.

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ܫܟܒ SH-KH-P — lie down, sleep

Semantic field: reclining, horizontal rest, prostration

What gets lost in translation: In Aramaic, ܫܟܒ (shkhab) is fundamentally a postural, bodily act: the body laying itself horizontal upon the ground, the bed, or the tomb. The root covers everything from simply reclining to rest, to … Explore this root →

שָׁכַב shakhavשִׁכְבָה shikh'vahשָׁכֵב shakhev شَكَبَ shakabaشَاكِب shāki'bشَكْب shak'b

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father (plural form)

Peshitta Occurrences

Form	Transliteration	Gloss	References
ܐܒܗܘܗܝ	ʾbhwhy 'bhwhy	father (plural form)-her	Luke 2:27 John 9:2 John 9:3 John 9:20 John 9:22 John 9:23 Acts 13:36 Hebrews 11:23
ܐܒܗܝܢ	ʾbhyn 'bhyn	father (plural form)[pl]	Matthew 23:30 Luke 1:55 Luke 1:72 John 4:20 John 6:31 Hebrews 1:1 Hebrews 12:9
ܐܒܗܐ	ʾbhʾ 'bh'	father (plural form)	Luke 18:29 1 Corinthians 4:15 2 Corinthians 12:14 Ephesians 6:4 Colossians 3:21 1 John 2:13 1 John 2:14
ܐܒܗܬܐ	ʾbhtʾ 'bhth'	father (plural form)[fem]	John 7:22 Acts 2:29 Romans 11:28 Hebrews 7:4
ܕܐܒܗܝ	dʾbhy d'bhy	of-father (plural form)-my	Acts 24:14 Acts 28:17 Galatians 1:14
ܘܐܒܗܬܐ	wʾbhtʾ w'bhth'	and-father (plural form)[fem]	Acts 22:1 Romans 9:5
ܕܐܒܗܬܐ	dʾbhtʾ d'bhth'	of-father (plural form)[fem]	Romans 4:1 Romans 15:8
ܠܐܒܗܐ	lʾbhʾ l'bh'	to-father (plural form)	2 Corinthians 12:14
ܠܐܒܗܘܗܝ	lʾbhwhy l'bhwhy	to-father (plural form)-her	John 9:18
ܐܒܗܘܬܐ	ʾbhwtʾ 'bhwth'	father (plural form)[abst]	Ephesians 3:15
ܐܒܗܬ	ʾbht 'bhth	father (plural form)[perf] Peal	Philippians 1:20
ܘܐܒܗܬ	wʾbht w'bhth	and-father (plural form)[perf] Peal	Colossians 2:15
ܕܐܒܗܐ	dʾbhʾ d'bh'	of-father (plural form)	Luke 1:17

Hebrew Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
אָב	av	father
אָבוֹת	avot	fathers, ancestors
אָבִים	avim	fathers
אַבָּא	abba	dad

Arabic Cognates

Word	Transliteration	Meaning
أَب	ab	father
آبَاء	aba'	fathers, ancestors
أَبَوِي	ʾabawī	paternal
أُبُوَّة	ʾubūwwah	paternity